Photosynthetic Performances of Transplanted Cypripedium flavum Plants

為保護並在低海拔地栽培黃花杓蘭，在3個實驗點對喜馬拉雅高山分佈黃花杓蘭的光合特徵進行了研究。相似大小植株采自于海拔3,450米的天生橋，在昆明（海拔1,900米）和中甸（海拔3,200米）進行栽培。經過一段時間適應後，於開花期對其氣體交換進行研究。天生橋（原生地）和中甸（引種地）的黃花杓蘭比昆明栽培的具有更高的光合速率、氣孔導度、蒸騰速率、量子產額和羧化效率。黃花杓蘭在天生橋、中甸和昆明的最適光合溫度分別是18，19和21℃，且最適溫度隨光強增加而增加。黃花杓蘭在3地的光飽和點為746-832μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)。黃花杓蘭在低海拔地區光合速率降低主要是因為不能適應高溫，而高溫傷害了其光合機構。結果表明，雖然黃花杓蘭可以在較低海拔地栽培，但需要適宜的農藝措施保證其更好生長，其最適宜的栽培條件是1/3-1/2的全光照，氣溫15-25℃。

關鍵字

栽培；黃花杓蘭；氣體交換；最適光合溫度；光合能力

並列摘要

To explore the conservation and cultivation of Cypripedium flavum at comparatively lower altitudes, a study on variations in photosynthetic characteristics was conducted on C. flavum plants from the high mountains of the eastern Himalayas. Plants of same size (6 leaves, 35-40 cm height) were selected from Tianshengqiao (alt. 3,450 m) and planted at the gardens at Zhongdian (alt. 3,200 m) and Kunming (alt. 1,900 m). The leaves of C. flavum at Tianshengqiao and Zhongdian exhibited higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, apparent quantum yield, and carboxylation efficiency than their counterparts at Kunming. The optimal temperatures for photosynthesis of C. flavum plants growing at Tianshengqiao, Zhongdian, and Kunming were 18, 19 and 21℃, respectively. The optimal temperature also increased with increasing photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). However, the photosynthetic responses of C. flavum to PAR were similar at the three sites. The photosynthesis reached light saturation at the PAR of 746-832 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1). The inability of C. flavum to acclimate to higher temperature resulted in the depression of photosynthetic rate at the lower altitude (Kunming). The results suggest that C. flavum adapts poorly to the warmer temperatures at low altitudes. It can be cultivated at a lower attitude, but proper agronomical methodology will need to be developed for better growth.

並列關鍵字

Cultivation ； Cypripedium flavum ； Gas exchange ； Optimal photosynthetic temperature ； Photosynthetic capacity.

國際替代計量

Photosynthetic Performances of Transplanted Cypripedium flavum Plants

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