咖啡果小蠹於咖啡果實內之齡期組成與防治藥劑之室內藥效評估

咖啡果小蠹[Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari)]是危害全球咖啡生產最嚴重的害蟲，近年來入侵台灣造成咖啡生產嚴重損害，本研究進行咖啡果小蠹於果實內之齡期發生結構調查及藥劑篩選試驗。咖啡果小蠹於果實內，可以同時發現卵、1齡幼蟲、2齡幼蟲、前蛹、蛹及雌雄成蟲，雌雄成蟲比率非常懸殊，為13:1。藥劑直接噴灑蟲體及果實浸藥試驗顯示，藥劑直接噴灑試驗之藥劑效果並不理想；各種藥劑造成的死亡率並不明顯，蟲體經藥劑處理24 h及48 h後，以加保利、陶斯松、益達胺及第滅寧較佳，累積死亡率為11.1-26.7%及11.1-28.9%。經72 h後，以加保利、陶斯松、益達胺及賜諾特較佳，累積死亡率為15.6-28.9%。果實浸藥試驗以陶斯松及培丹處理死亡率最佳，於藥劑處理果實後接種咖啡果小蠹24 h後之死亡率可達86.7%及73.3%。比較供試果實入侵率與入侵孔數，培丹處理組(6.7%及1.7個)比起陶斯松處理組為低(40.0%及4.0個)，顯示培丹為最佳防治藥劑。

關鍵字

咖啡果小蠹；殺蟲劑藥效；齡期

並列摘要

Coffee berry borer (Scolytidae: Hypothenemus hampei) is the most destructive pest in coffee industry worldwide. Recently the pest was as an in Taiwan and caused severe economic loss in planted areas. In this study, the composition of different development stages of the pest in coffee berries and control efficacy with different insecticides were investigated by direct spraying and fruit dipping methods. The all stages of coffee berry borer were found in the same infested berry and the female to male sex ratio was 13 : 1. The insecticides control efficacy by direct spraying showed the low morality in every treatment. The insecticides with the best control efficacy were carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and deltamethrin treatments after 24 h and 48 h, causing the morality at 11.1-26.7% and 11.1-28.9% separately. However, the insecticides with the best control efficacy were carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and spinotram treatments after 72 h treatments, causing the morality at 15.6-28.9%. Fruit dipping method showed chlorpyrifos and cartap hydrochloride treatments caused the highest morality at 86.7% and 73.3% after inoculating the coffee berry borer. However, comparing the infested fruit rate and infestation hole, cartap hydrochloride treatment had the lowest numbers at 6.7% and 1.7, while chlorpyrifos at 40.0% and 4.0, indicating cartap hydrochloride was the best insecticide to control coffee berry borer.

並列關鍵字

Coffee berry borer ； Insecticides efficacy ； Instars

國際替代計量

咖啡果小蠹於咖啡果實內之齡期組成與防治藥劑之室內藥效評估

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