石化產業污染風險知覺與風險溝通：不同開發階段石化園區之比較

Pollution Risk Perception and Risk Communication in Petrochemical Industry: A Comparison of the Petrochemical Parks at Different Development Stages

洪鴻智(Hung-Chih Hung) ； 李佳芳(Chia-Fang Li)

《地理學報》 95期 (2020/04) Pp. 37-59

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.202004_(95).0002

摘要

石化產業在臺灣經濟一直扮演重要角色，然近年常成為環保抗爭重要標的。許多研究關注此議題，特別是從地域、地方連結特性與風險溝通角度，瞭解其對居民石化產業污染風險態度的影響。本文主要目的，乃透過雲林六輕與彰化國光石化兩個不同開發階段石化園區之比較，探討不同地域特性、資訊提供與風險溝通策略，對於居民風險知覺之影響。本文整合焦點團體法、地理資訊系統、多變量與空間統計分析，分析居民風險知覺特性。研究結果發現居民風險知覺分布並非隨機，而具有空間聚集特性與地域性。不同開發階段石化園區的居民風險知覺分布與影響因素具有明顯差異，特別是資訊接收與瞭解、社會信任與參與風險溝通程度，乃影響規劃設廠中石化園區周邊居民風險知覺之關鍵因素。

關鍵字

風險知覺 ； 風險溝通 ； 石化產業 ； 地域性 ； 社會資本

並列摘要

The petrochemical industry plays a role in the national economy of Taiwan. However, the siting and operation of petrochemical plants often face widespread public opposition, owing to their potential environmental health risks. Numerous studies focus on this issue by improving the understanding of the effects of local characteristics and risk communication on residents' petrochemical industrial risk perception. This article compares the influence of local characteristics, information accessibility and risk communication strategies on risk perception of two petrochemical industrial parks in different development stages. Residents' risk perceptions were characterized by incorporating focus group meetings with geographical information systems, multivariate and spatial statistic analysis. Analytical results show that the spatial patterns of residents' perceived risk across the study areas are not dispersed randomly, but instead are spatially correlated in specific regions. Residents' risk perceptions have a significantly different distribution from their influencing factors in the two petrochemical industrial parks. In particular, information accessibility and understanding, social trust and participation of risk communication are the key factors affecting the risk perception of residents surrounding the petrochemical industrial parks during the planning stage.

並列關鍵字

risk perception ； risk communication ； petrochemical industry ； locality ； social capital

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