軍閥政權與身體政治：馮玉祥主政時期的河南省放足運動及其反挫（1927－29）

Warlord Regime and Body Politics: The Footbinding Liberation Movement of Henan Province under Feng Yuxiang's Rule and Its Backlash, 1927-1929

苗延威(Yen-Wei Miao)

《人文及社會科學集刊》 31卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 225-262

摘要

本研究以一起放足人員遭虐殺的事件為起點，討論民國軍閥馮玉祥掌控河南省政期間（1927－1929）發動的放足運動及其意涵。本文以官方編纂的刊物《放足叢刊》、馮玉祥的日記與回憶錄、地方志等史料為主，輔以相關文獻，對馮玉祥政權特設的河南省政府一級機關「放足處」所施行的各種行政手段以及當時的社會條件，進行歷史社會學式的考察，並指出，當纏足文化成為官署查辦取締的對象時，在軍閥政權根基仍不穩固的情況下，其纏足治理非但成效不彰，而且還將守舊身體、傳統性別秩序、封建政體和軍事對手打造為共同敵人，並引發出非預期的反挫後果。

關鍵字

馮玉祥 ； 放足運動 ； 放足處 ； 軍閥政權 ； 身體政治

並列摘要

This research aims to explore the historical-sociological implications of the footbinding liberation movement in Henan province under the rule of Feng Yuxiang, 1927-1929. Using primary data such as official documents and publications, diaries, memoirs, chorographies, and so on, and relevant literature, we start at discussing an incident where officers of the Bureau of Footbinding Liberation (fangzu chu), an ad hoc department Feng set up for anti-footbinding affairs, were violently and cruelly killed by hostile troops in western Henan, and then we examine the Bureau's administrative strategies and their social consequences. It was impossible to change the tradition with administrative power of punishment, however. At the end, we conclude that Feng's warlord regime failed in footbinding goverance because it tended to see its people who resisted the anti-footbinding efforts, together with its military rivals who were in doubt about the ＂revolutionary＂ gender order, as the enemies of society.

並列關鍵字

Feng Yuxiang ； the footbinding liberation movement ； the Bureau of Footbinding Liberation (fangzu chu) ； warlord regime ； body politics

參考文獻

中華全國婦女聯合會（編） 2003 　《中國婦女運動百年大事記》。北京：中國婦女出版社。(All-China Women’s Federation (ed.), 2003, A Hundred Years of Women’s Movement in China. Beijing: China Women Publishing House.)

王倬如 1988 　〈中譯本序〉，見James Sheridan（著），丘權政、陳昌光、符致興（譯），《馮玉祥的一生》，頁1–3。杭州：浙江教育出版社。(Wang, Zhuoru, 1988, “Preface of the Chinese Translation Version,” pp. 1–3 in James Sheridan’s The Chinese Warlord: The Career of Feng Yu-hsiang, Quanzeng Qiu, Changguang Chen, and Zhixing Fu (trans.). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Education Press.)

白海軍 2008 　《民國名匪的黑道江湖》。北京：團結出版社。(Bai, Haijun, 2008, Republic of the Underworld Were Bandits Arena. Beijing: Solidarity Press.)

行政院農村委員會 1933 　《河南省農村調查》。上海：商務印書館。(Rural Committee of Executive Yuan, 1933, Investigation of the Rural Area of Henan Province. Shanghai: Shangwu.)

余淑貞 1936 　〈書蓮鉤痛語後〉，見姚靈犀（編），《采菲錄續編》，頁51–54。天津：時代公司。(Yu, Shuzhen, 1936, “Afterwords about the Writing of My Painful Lotus Feet,” pp. 51–54 in Lingxi Yao (ed.), Picking Radishes, Vol. 2. Tianjin: Shidai Co.)