香客在寺廟中懸浮微粒曝露濃度之探討

Personal Particulate Exposures in Buddhist Temples

高玫鍾(Mei-Chung Kao) ； 龍世俊(Shih-Chun Lung)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 19卷2期 (2000/04) Pp. 138-143

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH2000-19-02-08

摘要

目標：本研究探討香客在寺廟內之PM10及PM2.5曝露濃度,並由廟宇型態上差異及不同拜拜日期等來探討影響香客在寺廟內懸浮微粒曝露濃度之原因。方法：選擇台中市內兩間不同型態之廟宇，在農曆初一、十五及初二、十六，每間廟以四位工作人員配戴採樣器來模擬香客在廟內PM10及PM2.5之曝露。以流量2L/min之SKC採樣幫浦配上個人懸浮微粒採樣頭，用直徑37mm之鐵弗鈑龍濾紙採集廟宇中PM10及PM2.5。結果：香客在廟內之PM10及PM2.5曝露濃度比一般居家環境中曝露濃度高5~16倍，比當時廟外馬路上濃渡平均約高4至5倍。而在初一、十五之懸浮微粒曝露濃度明顯高於初二、十六，PM10濃度約高出230μg/m3，PM2.5濃度則約高出153μg/m3。大型廟宇之香爐數多，香客接觸香爐的時間較長，故其平均曝露濃度較高，而小型廟宇因為空間小，在人潮洶湧、香火卿盛時，香客之懸浮微粒曝露濃度會增加到與在大型廟宇差不多。結論：建議到寺廟內進香之民眾，儘量減少在寺廟中停留之時間，選擇通風較好之寺廟或避開初一、十五到廟內玤。

關鍵字

PM10&PM2.5 ； 拜香 ； 寺廟 ； 曝露評估

並列摘要

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess worshippers' exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 in two different types of Buddhist temples. The exposure factors of worshippers were also evaluated. Methods: Sampling was conducted on the 1st, 2nd, 15th, and 16th days of the lunar month in two Buddhist temples in Tai-Chung. Samples were taken using Personal Environment Monitors (PEMs) connected to personal pumps with 2L/min flow rates. The PEMs were worn by research staff, who mimicked worshippers' activities, to obtain their exposures to PM10 and PM2.5 in both temples. Factors such as construction type of the temples and worshipping dates were evaluated to explore the potential determinants affecting worshippers' exposures to PM10 and PM2.5 in Buddhist temples. Results: Visitors were exposed to aerosol concentrations in temples that were approximately 5 to 16 times the background exposure and nearly 4 to 5 times greater than those measured outside temples. Exposures of about 230μg/m3 more for PM10 and 153μg/m3 more for PM2.5 were observed on the 1st and the 15th than on the 2nd and the 16th of the lunar month. Worshippers were exposed to more PM10 and PM2.5 in the larger temple with more thuribles since they spent more time praying there. The smaller temple had worse ventilation so worshippers’ exposure on crowded day was almost as great as that measured in the larger Buddhist temple. Conclusions: To reduce exposure to PM10 and PPM2.5, people should spend less time in Buddhist temples, choose a well-ventilated temple, or avoid visiting temples on the 1st and 15th days of the lunar month.

並列關鍵字

PM10 and PM2.5 ； incense burning ； temple ； exposure assessment