含酒精提神飲料的職業安全健康危害：現況問題與政策因應

Effects of alcoholic energy drinks on occupational safety and health: current conditions and intervention policies

鄭婉汝(Wan-Ju Cheng) ； 鄭雅文(Ya-Wen Cheng)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 31卷6期 (2012/12) Pp. 523-534

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2012-31-06-04

摘要

含酒精提神飲料的飲用是台灣勞力工作者特有的職場文化。國外已有不少研究報告指出，酒精與提神飲料併用會增加安全與健康上的風險，但國內有關此類飲品健康危害的本土學術研究卻仍相當不足。本研究採文獻分析法，回顧國際與台灣有關含酒精提神飲料的實證研究各51篇及8篇，以瞭解此類飲料的盛行狀況、飲用行為與其安全健康危害。結果發現，西方國家大多以大學生為主要飲用族群，台灣則以勞力職業族群為主，特別是在營建業勞工中，約20%有飲用習慣。含酒精提神飲料的飲用，與工作傷害、危險行為及酒癮等問題有正相關，但台灣仍缺乏追蹤性研究以證實其因果關係。回顧近十年來國際間有關含酒精提神飲料政策之發展趨勢，可發現大多數國家的管理政策傾向於全面禁止其銷售。反觀台灣，雖然近年來衛生主管單位陸續提出管理與標示政策，但顯然仍有不足，亟需大幅改進。

關鍵字

含酒精提神飲料 ； 職業安全 ； 職業健康 ； 政策

並列摘要

The consumption of alcoholic energy drinks is a unique feature among manual workers in Taiwan. Growing evidence indicates that mixing energy drinks with alcohol increases safety and health risks; however, the situation in Taiwan has not been well understood. We conducted a systematic review to understand the prevalence, drinking behaviors, and the risks associated with alcoholic energy drinks. A total of 51 international studies and 8 Taiwanese studies were reviewed. Results showed that alcoholic energy drinks were popular among college students in Western countries, while in Taiwan such drinks were consumed mostly by manual workers, especially by construction workers, 20% of whom were habitual drinkers. The consumption of alcoholic energy drinks was found to correlate with the occurrence of occupational injuries, risky behaviors, and alcohol dependence, yet the causal relationships should be confirmed by longitudinal studies. Governmental policies in selected countries concerned about alcoholic energy drinks are moving towards a complete ban on the sale of such drinks. In Taiwan, recently issued regulations on the sale and labeling of alcoholic energy drinks are insufficient and should be improved.

並列關鍵字

alcoholic energy drinks ； occupational safety ； occupational health ； policy