各年段學生及中小學教師颱洪防災素養標準化評量建置與檢測之研究

Establishment and Testing of the Standardized Assessment Scale on the Typhoon and Flood Disaster Prevention Literacy of Various Graders and Teachers in Elementary and Junior High Schools

林明瑞(Ming-Ray Lin) ； 張惠閔(Hui-Min Chang)

《災害防救科技與管理學刊》 8卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 1-28

https://doi.org/10.6149/JDM.201903_8(1).0001

摘要

為瞭解國內各年段學生及中小學教師颱洪類防災素養之現況，本研究發展「防災素養標準化評量量表」，進行全國性施測。標準化評量問卷是依據林明瑞等人（2012）修訂之防災素養指標為基礎，經專家審查、兩次預試，而預試結果經難度、鑑別度與信度分析，試題經多次修正而成；問卷採分層依比例發放，共發出15370份問卷，有效回收率為72.5％；且依據評量結果，建立常模表及編寫指導手冊。結果顯示：正式評量問卷屬中高信度（0.749～0.930），難度為中間偏易（0.554～0.823）、鑑別度為非常優良 （0.369～0.702）。受測者颱洪類防災知識題平均答對率為0.682，態度與技能題五等第平均得分分別為4.09、4.03，這表示受測者具一定程度的防災素養。各年段防災素養得分有隨著年齡之增長而逐漸下降的趨勢。因城鄉差異因素，使得參與防災計畫學校（大多為偏鄉）之學生表現，未必優於未參與防災計畫之都會區學校之學生。

關鍵字

颱洪類災害與防救 ； 防災素養檢測 ； 標準化評量

並列摘要

To understand the current typhoon and flood disaster prevention literacy of students and teachers in elementary and junior high schools in Taiwan, this study developed the Standardized Assessment Scale for Typhoon and Flood Disaster Prevention Literacy and conducted a nationwide survey. The standardized assessment scale was developed based on the disaster prevention literacy indicators modified by Lin et al. (2012). After the expert review and two pre-tests, the difficulty, discrimination, and reliability of the pre-test were analyzed. The scale items were revised a number of times to develop the formal scale. This study used stratified proportional sampling to distribute a total of 15,370 scales, with a valid response rate of 72.5%. In addition, according to the assessment results, this study developed a norm table and compiled a guidebook. The results show that the reliability of the formal assessment scale is moderate to high (0.749~0.930), the difficulty is easy to moderate (0.554~0.823), and the discrimination is outstanding (0.369~0.702). The respondents' mean correct answer rate for the items about typhoon and flood disaster prevention knowledge is 0.682. The mean scores for the items about attitude and skills (on a five-point scale) are 4.09 and 4.03, respectively, suggesting that the subjects show high performance of the disaster prevention literacy. The disaster prevention literacy scores for students in various grades gradually decrease with the increase in age. Due to urban and rural differences, the performance of students who had participated in disaster prevention programs in schools (mainly in rural areas) is not better than that of students who had not participated in disaster prevention programs in urban schools.

並列關鍵字

Video surveillance ； Digital convergence ； Disaster response

參考文獻

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