王禎和小說的多語混雜現象分析

The Analysis of Linguistic Hybridity in Wang Chen-ho's Literary Works

徐菊清(Chu-ching Hsu)

《健行學報》 36卷4期 (2017/01) Pp. 43-64

摘要

建構於後殖民理論學家巴巴的混雜語言的社會概念與多元文化理論，本研究調查與分析王禎和文學作品中多語混雜的書寫現象。收集其自1961至1993年期間出版的小說與中短篇故事為研究文本，依作品出版時間先後排列比對分析，探討其文學作品中混雜語文使用種類與臺灣社會歷史語言發展。研究結果發現王禎和共用了八種不同的語言（包括中文、臺語、日語、英語文、原住民語、廣東話、廈門語及福州話）混雜書寫文本，而且這些不同語言的使用，著實與臺灣本島的歷史背景、政治變遷與語言教育發展有很大的關連性；語文呈現以故事場域和角色人物階層使用的語言轉換與雜揉有著明顯不同。藉由多語混雜寫作風格，不僅顯示出臺灣不同時期的社會語言，更反映出社會與語言的「混雜性」，如此的語文呈現方式不僅用以抵制外來殖民語言與文化，也可保留原語文化的消失。冀望本研究結果可協助讀者了解王禎和如何將多語混雜書寫於文學作品中，呈現出臺灣多元社會的包容感與共存性。

關鍵字

多語混雜 ； 後殖民主義 ； 王禎和 ； 霍米巴巴 ； 社會語言

並列摘要

Framed Postcolonialist Homi K. Bhabha's multicultural theoretical concept of ＂hybridity＂, this study sets out to investigate and analyse the linguistic hybridity in Wang Chen-Ho's literary works. More specifically, the data selected and collected for this case study cover all Wang Chen-Ho's literary works, including all his novels and short stories, which were published from 1961 to 1993. Methodologically, carried out a comparative chronological analyesis, this article explores how many different languages are combined and employed in Wang's writings. The findings of this study show that there are eight different languages (i.e. Chinese, Taiwanese, Japanese, English, aboriginal language, Cantonese language, Xiamen language and Fuzhou dialect) hybridized in Wang's literary works and these different languages are actually associated with the historical backgrounds, political changes, and language educational developments in the island of Taiwan. Moreover, such the hybridity language use is also considered as one of Wang's own creative and writing styles, not only to show the differences of social classes and linguistic features in Taiwan, but also to resisit the colonial languages and cultures imposed to Taiwan residents. It is expected that the finding of this study can help readers to understand how Wang presented the hybridity languages in thehis literary works, to create and shape the multicultural society of Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Lingistic Hybridity ； Postcolonialism ； Wang Chen-Ho ； Homi Bhabha ； Social Linguistics