略論宋代的游俠

Chivalrous persons in the Sung Dynasty

蔡松林( Sung-Lin Tsai)

《華岡史學》 1期 (2013/12) Pp. 187-227

摘要

游俠、游民、俠士、流民究竟是什麼樣的關係？相信這是許多研究者感興趣的課題。而當這幾種人物同時出現在宋代時，他們對宋代社會產生了哪些影響呢？這些疑問值得仔細探討、分析。筆者對宋代的俠士有著長時間的關注與研究經驗積累。因此，在處理宋代的游俠議題時動力與熟悉度是不缺乏的。此外，游民、流民問題也是很值得深究的課題，但礙於篇幅本文只做四者關係的釐清。研究的重點主要集中在游俠狀態的探討上。除了梳理俠的流傳、觀點、形象，釐清游俠、游民、俠士、流民四者的關係外。文中則分析宋代游俠的概況與類型，探討他們如何與朝廷、法律進行周旋，並透過游俠的活動、出路、歷史意義歸納等，考察宋代游俠的風格與特色。

關鍵字

宋代 ； 游俠 ； 游民 ； 俠士 ； 法律

並列摘要

What is the relation between chivalrous persons and vagrants? What is their influence when they appeared at the same time in the Sung Dynasty? Inquiring about such interesting and noteworthy questions, this paper mainly focused on the chivalrous persons, through studying whose positions, spreads, viewpoints, and images the distinctions from vagrants and others could be comprehended. Besides, by analyzing the conditions and classification of the chivalrous person in the Sung Dynasty this paper further concludes how they dealt with the imperial government and laws. As well, through generalizing the activities, opportunities, and historic significance of the chivalrous persons, it investigating the chivalrous person's styles and characteristic in the Sung Dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Sung Dynasty ； chivalrous persons ； vagrants ； chivalrous ； law