蘿蔔異硫氰酸脂之分離與生物活性探討

蘿蔔是一種常見的十字花科植物被認為具有許多藥理和治療性，蘿蔔中的硫代葡萄糖苷經黑芥子酶水解成具有生物活性的異硫氰酸鹽類化合物，蘿蔔子素(sulforaphene, SFE)與蘿蔔硫素(sulforaphane, SFN)是蘿蔔中生物活性成分之一，通常在十字花科發現，是一種具有強抗氧化能力的異硫氰酸鹽類。在本研究中蘿蔔經過預處理，各部位含量經HPLC測定，蘿蔔葉中SFE含量最高(48.17±1.11 μg/g)，其次為蘿蔔去皮根，最低為皮(0.48±0.05 μg/g) ，SFE及其類似物SFN可以通過液液萃取和矽膠柱層析進行部分純化。由於SFE和SFN不能直接通過HPLC鑑定，所以透過LC / MS進一步確認兩個組成，透過FTIR證實了樣品中SFE/SFN的獨特官能基-SCN之存在。生物活性實驗中發現，在蘿蔔粗萃物濃度600 μg/mL的條件下，對DPPH的清除率有46.09±1.27%；SOD活性試驗時蘿蔔粗萃物濃度為1 mg/mL條件下，SOD活性有88.7%，經過計算樣品之SOD總活性為426 U/g；而ORAC抗氧化能力則在濃度10 μg/mL時高達1870 μM Trolox/g，這些數據顯示蘿蔔粗萃物在抗氧化能力有相當好的表現。另外，瓊脂擴散法測定蘿蔔粗萃物在濃度100 mg/mL時，對金黃色葡萄球菌抑菌圈大小有25.00±1.73 mm；沙門氏桿菌則是19.67±1.15 mm，由結果證明蘿蔔萃取物對這兩種常見的病原菌具有抑制效果。

關鍵字

蘿蔔；異硫氰酸鹽；蘿蔔子素；蘿蔔硫素；抗氧化活性；抑菌

並列摘要

Raphanus sativus (radish), a common cruciferous vegetable has been attributed to possess a number of pharmacological and therapeutic properties. SFE is a hydrolyzate form glucosinolates by myrosinase. Sulforaphene (SFE) and sulforaphane (SFN), two of bioactive constituents in radish, is an isothiocyanate that have a strong antioxidant compounds generally be found in Brassicaceae. In this study, the radish was pretreated and the contents of various parts were confirmed by HPLC. The highest content of SFE (48.171.11 μg/g) was found in the radish leaves, followed by the radish peeled root and the lowest is peel (0.480.05 μg/g). The SFE and its analogues, SFN, could be partially purified by liquid-liquid extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Since the SFE and SFN can not be directly identified by HPLC, two components were further confirmed by LC/MS. The unique functional groups -SCN for SFE/SFN were also confirmed by FTIR in the sample. The biological activity experiments found that the radish extract concentration of 600 μg/mL conditions, the clearance rate of DPPH 46.091.27%. Under SOD activity test, the inhibitory rate of SOD activity was 88.7% under the concentration of 1 mg/mL, the total activity of SOD was 426 U/g. ORAC values up to 1870 μM Trolox/g when the antioxidant capacity concentration at 10 μg/mL. These result showed that radish extracts have a very high antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the inhibition zone size of 25.001.73 mm and 19.671.15 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica, respectively, was observed under agar diffusion method for radish extract at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The results demonstrated that the radish extract has antibacterial activity against these two common pathogenic bacteria.