TAIWANIA
臺灣大學生命科學院,正常發行
選擇卷期
- 期刊
A new species of Claoxylon from Halmahera, Talaud and Obi Islands is described and photographed. The species shows similarity with C. brachyandrum and C. longifolium, but it differs from C. brachyandrum in having petioles with a double pulvinus, one basally and one apically (pulvini ca. 2 cm long), and it differs from C. longifolium in the number of stamens, being less than 30. The new species can be divided into two varieties, also new to science, differing in the colour of the indumentum, number of staminate flowers per node and number of stamens. An identification key to the varities, a distribution map, and illustrations are provided.
- 期刊
Hoya longicalyx Wang Hui & E. F. Huang, a new species of Hoya R. Br. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) from Yingjiang county (Yunnan, China), is described and fully illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to H. chinghungensis (Tsiang & P.T. Li) M.G. Gilbert, P.T. Li & W.D. Stevens, but can be easily distinguished by its rounded lamina base, longer and linear calyx lobes, ovate and translucent corona lobes. Result from molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the new species was sister to Hoya engleriana Hosseus.
- 期刊
Oxalis shibeishanensis Huan C. Wang & Y. Tian (Oxalidaceae), belonging to O. subsect. Oxalis, is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to Yunnan, Southwest China. It is most similar to O. obtriangulata, but clearly differs from the latter by its 1.5-3 cm long, 3-9 cm wide leaflets with broadly cuneate base and not emarginate apex, 2-flowered inflorescences, narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate sepals, and the petals being bifid at the apex.
- 期刊
Amomum foetidum (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Northeast Thailand is here described, illustrated and photographed. The key to three species of Amomum which cited and treated in this paper is provided.
- 期刊
Two new species of Kaempferia L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand consisting of Kaempferia maculifolia Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov. and Kaempferia takensis Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov. are described, illustrated, and photographed. The conservation status is provided for both new species. An identification key to the species of the Kaempferia genus in Thailand is also revised and presented.
- 期刊
Azolla is a perennial aquatic fern and often forms symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Flora of Taiwan records only one native Azolla species, A. pinnata R. Br., in the Island. Recently, an exotic Azolla species has been documented with naturalized populations in Taiwan and been reported as A. japonica or A. caroliniana. However, data supporting its identity have not been presented. The purposes of this study are: (1) to test the hypothesis that the exotic Azolla species is A. japonica or A. caroliniana, and (2) to illustrate the morphological differences between the exotic and the native Azolla species. The DNA sequences of four plastid regions, rbcL, atpB, rps4 and rps4-trnS, were generated from plants of the Azolla species growing in different regions of Taiwan. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal that the native species belongs to A. pinnata, while plants of the exotic species are phylogenetically nested within a clad, including A. microphylla. A. mexicana and A. craoliniana. The host-symbiont specificity between Azolla spp. and their cyanobionts was confirmed by the phylogeny of 16S rRNA genes, which also supports the grouping of the exotic species to the aforementioned clad. Thus, the phylogenetic results suggest that the exotic Azolla is more closely related to A. caroliniana than to A. japonica. A table summarizing the morphological characters of their sporophytes illustrates the differences in the gross form, epidermal structures and surface of rhizome between the native and exotic Azolla species which can be used to differentiate the two species in Taiwan.
- 期刊
Carex pingleensis Z.C. Lu, Y.F. Lu & X.F. Jin, a new species of Carex sect. Mitratae Kük. from northeastern Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. This species is easily distinguished from all the other species of sect. Mitratae by its spikes gathering at the top of culms; nutlets neither contracted on angles nor excavated at faces; male glumes apex obtuse, both sides united near base, abaxial surface with pubescence and utricles shorter, only 2.8-3.2 mm long, densely pubescent.
- 期刊
Three new species of bioluminescent fungi - Mycena jingyinga, M. luguensis, and M. venus - are proposed based on phylogenetic and morphological analyses. Of the three new species, the luminescence only admits from the mycelia instead of the fruiting bodies. The DNA sequences of RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and nuc rDNA ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 (ITS) were used for phylogenetic analyses. The three new species are characterized by small size, white or brown, adnate to subdecurrent lamellae, pubescent stipe with fibrils at bases, four-spored basidia, amyloid spores, cheilocystidia with various shapes, and pileipellis hyphae with short, simple, or diverticulate excrescences. These characteristics are congruent with those of Mycena section Fragilipedes. The three new species bring the total number of bioluminescent fungi to 108 and 15 species in the world and Taiwan, respectively.
- 期刊
Insect-induced galls are an atypical growth and differentiation form of plant tissue. The objective of this research was to study the expression of photosynthesis-associated proteins in Cecidomyiidae galls derived from the leaves of Litsea acuminata using a Western blot analysis of antibodies against light-harvesting complex (LHC) proteins isolated from non-galled and galled leaves and gall tissues. These LHC proteins involved in RC-1a, RC-1b, LHCb4, LHCb5, CP47, and CP-1a showed different responses in galls and leaves and exhibited a remarkable potential modulation role in regulating gall development. All photosynthetic proteins were repressed in gall tissues, indicating that light reaction functioning was significantly repressed. Compared to non-galled and galled leaves, galls demonstrated significantly lower chlorophyll (Chl) content and photosystem II maximum quantum efficiency (F_v/F_m) values, suggesting that insect infestations reduced photosynthetic efficiency. In addition, there were significant and positive correlations between LHCb5, CP-1a, and CP47 vs. Fv/Fm values and Chl content in galls and leaves, indicating that gall infections induced physiological changes, and therefore, that the Fv/Fm value could be utilized as a tool to easily and quickly study the eco-physiology of galls.