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  • 學位論文

花蓮佛教慈濟綜合醫院發展之研究(1972-2003)

Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital Research Development (1972-2003)

指導教授 : 李力庸
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摘要


本文旨在論述1972年至2003年之間,慈濟醫療事業與社會工作發展之關係,評論花蓮佛教慈濟醫院(以下簡稱慈院)在花東地區醫療史上的歷史定位。 慈濟功德會始於五○年代,當時正處於美援退出臺灣,政府必須以龐大的資金來支出國防經費,無法全面顧及民間弱勢族群,此情況東部更甚於西部。有鑑於此功德會開始從事社會服務工作,在濟助的過程中發現貧病相互依存的關係,義診所因應而生。施醫施藥之義診所其功能面臨瓶頸,對急重病患的醫療無法及時救助,進而籌劃一所高品質與現代化的醫療院所。 在經濟不甚富裕的年代,花蓮又位處於經濟較不發達的東部,建院資金不易籌措的問題及土地覓尋的難題,基金會處於此艱難時刻,運用勸募、義賣與媒體宣傳等方式解決困境。慈院成立後,組織發展過程中由篳路藍縷到成長茁壯,期間為了符合醫院評鑑,組織結構的演變與醫療建設的增加,人員的招募與訓練過程,發展出慈院獨特的組織文化,成為矗立於東部唯一之醫學中心。 慈院成立後,慈濟醫療服務以更頻繁與密集的下鄉巡迴醫療服務取代原先的醫療模式。社會工作與醫療結合,發展不同層面的社會服務,同時藉由慈院的醫療服務更能具體落實人醫精神之社會工作,且延伸出慈濟人醫會,而佛教的慈悲濟世理念,集結眾多的醫療資源,發展出全面的社會工作,使醫療服務全球化。透過骨髓捐贈與大體捐贈發展出慈善醫學,實踐了多面向的醫療發展,落實佛教救人的理念。 本文研究以慈院發展為主軸,透過義診所之成立、慈院之建立,瞭解慈濟社會服務工作的不同面向所展現之意義與價值。慈濟將佛教慈悲喜捨之精神,透過有形的醫療建設,作具體的發揮,建構東部重要醫療網絡,更形成超越人種的跨國援助之社會工作,足見慈院在臺灣的醫療史上有著不可或缺的重要性。

並列摘要


The attempt of the present thesis is to discuss the connection between the medical business of the Tzu Chi Foundation and the development of social work in Taiwan from 1972 to 2003, by which I mean to comment on the position of Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital (HTCGH) in Hualien and Taitung’s medical history. The Tzu Chi Foundation was started as Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Merit Society (aka Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Association) in the 1950s when the United States gradually decreased its financial aid in Taiwan, which caused the ROC government to earmark most its budget for national defense rather than the welfare for disadvantaged groups, and such destitution of wellbeing is even worse in eastern Taiwan. Realizing this, Tzu Chi began its social services and quickly discovered the consequential relationship between poverty and illness. For this reason, Tzu Chi opened up its free clinics and planned for a modernized high-quality hospital while free clinics are functionally limited and insufficient to deal with acute or serious illnesses. In the years of economic shortage, it is even more difficult for Tzu Chi to collect funds and purchase lands for the hospital in Hualien County that was less economical developed, but the difficulties were finally overcame through fundraising, charity sale and media coverage. The HTCGH has gone through a long way to become a hospital of considerable scale. It has developed its unique organizational culture to fit in hospital quality evaluations by evolving organizational structure, expanding medical facilities, and recruiting and training its employees. Now, it is the only medical center standing in the east coast of Taiwan. After the HTCGH was founded, Tzu Chi has added frequent clinic tours to its original medical model. At the mean time, social services of different levels, including the establishment of Tzu Chi International Medical Association (TIMA) that carries out the HTCGH’s mission of humanitarian medical care in its social work, were derived from Tzu Chi’s integration of social and medical works. With the Buddhist ideal of compassion and relief, Tzu Chi unites numerous medical resources and develops comprehensive social works to globalize its medical services. Moreover, Tzu Chi practices the Buddhist vow of saving lives through the medical science of charity starting from bone marrow donation and body donation, by which its medical business is also endowed with multi-dimentional developments. This research centers on the development of the HTCGH. By probing into the history from the emergence of Tzu Chi’s free clinic to the founding of HTCGH, a further realization of values and meanings of various facets of Tzu Chi’s social services may be brought out. As Tzu Chi incarnates the Buddhist spirit of kindness, compassion, joy, and giving into the material existence of medical facilities, its achievement from building up major medical networks in eastern Taiwan to transnational humanitarian aids that transcend the barrier of race exactly proves the indispensability of HTCGH in Taiwan’s medical history.

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《中央日報》(1972-2003年)

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