土石流潛勢區內居民疏散避難行為與決策之研究－以泰利颱風為例

A Study of Residential Evacuation Behavior and Decision-making in a Vulnerable Debris Flow Area: The Case of Typhoon Talim

陳亮全(Liang-Chun Chen) ； 吳杰穎(Jie-Ying Wu) ； 劉怡君(Yi-Chung Liu) ； 李宜樺(I-Hwa Lee)

《中華水土保持學報》 38卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 325-340

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.200712_38(4).0002

摘要

台灣地區自九二一大地震後，因土石鬆軟、地質愈形脆弱，每逢颱風豪雨之際，發生土石流災害的機會便日益頻繁，嚴重威脅土石流潛勢區域內民眾的生命與財產安全。有鑑於此，近年來中央及地方政府莫不在土石流災害防治工作上投入莫大的心力。然而，由於過於重視實質避難資源的分配，對於民眾在災害下的感受與決策行爲等方面欠缺考量，以致於在疏散避難的執行作業上面臨了不少困難。本研究透過問卷調查的方式，探討泰利颱風來臨期間，土石流潛勢區內民眾的疏散避難決策因子與行爲，發現居民就疏散避難消息來源，最爲相信的管道依序爲媒體、政府單位、親友以及網路；居民疏散避難決策考量的面向上，住家環境安全與環境徵兆變壞是最重要的考量因素；在避難所考量因素方面，避難所周圍環境是否安全和避難所建築物是否堅固是最重要的考量。

關鍵字

土石流 ； 疏散避難 ； 決策因素 ； 泰利颱風

並列摘要

Since the 921 earthquake, the ground in Taiwan area has been softening and the geology has been becoming more unstable. The possibility of debris flow increase whenever there is heavy rainfall caused by a typhoon. In the past, the government used lots of resources and manpower to implement debris flow disaster reduction. However, because of the lack of attention to real evacuation behavior and the perception of vulnerable area residents, implementing evacuation policies is critical. This study conducted a questionnaire survey after typhoon Talim struck Nantou County and found the most reliable channel of evacuation news for residents is from the mass media and governmental authorities. This study also found the two most important factors to be considered for evacuation decision-making are the safety of house surroundings and environmental cues. The factors to be considered for shelter selection are the safety of the shelter surroundings and the structure of the shelter.

並列關鍵字

debris flow ； evacuation ； decision factors ； typhoon Talim