金瓜寮溪附生藻類去除水中磷含量之研究

Study of Phosphorus Removal by Periphyton in Jingualiao Creek

王之佑(Chih-Yu Wang) ； 張文亮(Wen-Lian Chang) ； 吳俊宗(Jiunn-Tzong Wu)

《農業工程學報》 52卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 61-70

摘要

附生藻類具有高適應性，可附著在水域任何物體的表面上。即使群落組成容易受到流況、溫度、光照、營養鹽等條件影響而發生改變，附生藻類仍能繼續在原棲地生存繁衍。近年來，許多研究人員利用附生藻類進行水質改善的實驗，並提出令人注目的研究報告。國內水庫優養化現象日益嚴重，然而目前僅有少數人工濕地生態工法應用於集水區溪流之水質淨化。磷為藻類重要營養元素之一，本研究目的即利用藻類生長箱實驗，分析附生藻類將水中磷濃度降低的可行性和極限。實驗在半封閉狀態下，以批次方式進行，即在實驗開始後便不再添加任何營養鹽。實驗初始正磷酸鹽濃度為4~136μg/L，總磷濃度為27~168μg/L。實驗結果顯示，當初始的正磷酸鹽磷濃度在35μg/L以上，附生藻類族群以細絲型綠藻佔優勢。平均之藻乾重生產量為0.05~0.16g/平方公尺-day，其有機質含量為41.83~71.27%。在此情況下，藻類可使水中磷酸鹽降低至1~2μg/L，總磷濃度亦不超過10μg/L。整體實驗中，水體總磷去除百分比最高為95.17%。由以上結果可知附生藻類具有降低營養鹽濃度至貧養程度的能力，如在集水區溪流施用附生藻，可有效降低水庫優養化的發生。

關鍵字

附生藻類 ； 磷 ； 去除率 ； 溪流

並列摘要

With high adaptability, periphyton could adhere to any surface in the water. Although periphytic microcommunities are subject to various environmental factors, including current, temperature, light intensity, and nutrient, the flora remains thriving at habitat. Researches have been done on the algae-water treatment experiment with significant results in recent years. Eutrophication in water reservoir has become more and more severe in Taiwan. However, only few artificial wetlands have been built to clean up stream water in the watershed. Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients to algae. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of phosphorus removal by the periphyton incubated in a growth chamber. The experiment was conducted under semi-enclosed conditions with no further addition of nutrients except initial addition. The onset of initial phosphate concentration ranged from 4 to 136μg/L, with total phosphorus concentration between 27 and 168μg/L. After an incubation of 26 days, periphyton community was dominated by filamentous green algae when the initial phosphate concentration was higher than 35μg/L. The biomass production of periphyton had been as high as 0.05-0.16g dry weight/m^2-day, with ash free dry weight ranging from 41.83% to 71.27%. Under such conditions, phosphate concentration in each culture was reduced to 1-2μg/L, with total phosphorus concentration lower than 10μg/L. As a result, the maximum phosphorus removal efficiency has been up to 95.17%. The present study shows that periphyton can remarkably reduce the phosphorus in river water and thus able to prevent water reservoirs from eutrophication when it is applied in the watershed.

並列關鍵字

Periphyton ； Phosphorus ； Removal rate ； River