台灣肖楠精油與抽出物之抗真菌與抗細菌活性評估

Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oils and Ethanolic Extracts from Calocedrus Macrolepis Var. Formosana

張惠婷(Hui-Ting Chang) ； 吳季玲(Chi-Lin Wu) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 38卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 119-126

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200503.0009

摘要

利用水蒸餾法萃取臺灣肖楠各部位的精油，以心材精油的含量最高；而乙醇抽出物則以樹皮及心材的含量較高。精油與乙醇抽出物的抗真菌活性經試驗評估後，以心材精油的抗真菌活性最好，精油濃度為100μg/mL時，對Laetiporus sulphureus褐腐菌的抗菌指數可達100%，而對於Lenzites betulina白腐菌的抗菌指數為62.8%；抽出物的抗真菌活性同樣以心材部位的活性較佳。精油的抗細菌活性方面，僅心材精油對革蘭氏陽性菌與陰性菌具有良好的活性，其他部位精油則不具抗細菌活性，心材精油對於金黃色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌與綠膿桿菌等細菌的最低抑制濃度為250μg/mL。抽出物的抗細菌活性方面，除了葉子抽出物不具活性外，心材、邊材與樹皮抽出物均具有抗細菌活性，且對於革蘭氏陽性菌的抑制效果高於革蘭氏陰性菌。

關鍵字

抗細菌活性 ； 抗真菌活性 ； 台灣肖楠 ； 精油 ； 抽出物

並列摘要

Essential oils of Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana heartwood, sapwood, bark and leaves were prepared by water distillations, and the highest oil yield was obtained from heartwood. Yields of ethanolic extracts from bark and heartwood were higher than those of the others. Antifungal and antibacterial activities of essential oils and ethanolic extracts from C. macrolepis var. formosana were investigated in this study. Heartwood oil showed the strongest activity against wood-rot fungi. The antifungal indices of heartwood oil at 100μg/mL against brown-rot Laetiporus sulphureus and white-rot Lenzites betulina were 100% and 62.8%, respectively. The antifungal activity of ethanolic extract from heartwood against wood-rot fungi was also superior to the other parts. Results from the antibacterial tests, only heartwood oil was active against tested Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Oils from the other parts showed no effect against tested bacteria. All the MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration) of heartwood oil against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. were 250μg/mL. The ethanolic extracts from heartwood, sapwood and bark showed the antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with the exception of ethanolic extract of leaf. The ethanolic extracts were more active against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria.

並列關鍵字

Antibacterial activity ； Antifungal activity ； Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana ； Essential oil ； Ethanolic extract