從《諸儒鳴道》探究道學家的“鳴道”之道

《諸儒鳴道》是現存最早紀錄宋代道學運動的作品，該書近年來受到學界相當程度的關注。當我們檢視《諸儒鳴道》時，首先，發現《諸儒鳴道》一名蘊含「諸儒鳴倡道學」的深遠寓意，已經突顯出道學家對鳴倡道學，有其獨特的見解與方法；再者，《諸儒鳴道》收錄許多「語錄」體裁的作品，這與宋代教學模式的轉變，應有某種程度的關連性；第三，道學家提倡講學的風氣，也受到「對話」精神的激勵，上述這些發現與道學家對語言文字的態度息息相關。本文擬以《諸儒鳴道》為主要研究素材，從中探究道學家如何鳴道，何以鳴道，並在其應用語錄體裁的背景上，探究他們對思想載體的反思，理解他們對道學的定義。

關鍵字

諸儒鳴道；道學；語錄

並列摘要

Zhu Ru Ming Dao (Dao Scholars' Illustrations on Dao) is the earliest record of Confucian movement (Dao Shiu) in Song. The book is so concerned by academic circles present. When we look up it, we could discover many things. First, the title of the book contains many meanings-＜||＞Dao Scholars' Illustrations on Dao＜||＞ and ＜||＞They speak and talk about Dao each other＜||＞. The meanings stress Dao Scholars' unique opinions and ways of talking about Confucianism. Second, the book collects many records of speaking and talking about Confucianism. It probably means that records are relevant to the changes of teaching style in Song. Third, Dao scholars encourage speaking and talking about Confucianism, maybe because of conversation. The article uses the book to discuss Dao Scholars' unique opinions of words and language. From this, we could comprehend the definitions on Confucianism.