The Teaching of Pharmacology in the Philippines

There are 31 medical schools in the Philippines at present,with average annualturn-out of 2000 graduates.All follow a four-year medical curriculum prior to internshiptraining.The method of teaching is generally sequential but six have adopted problembased learning.Among 16 respondents to a survey,there were opposing views aboutlimitations in the following:faculty qualification and commitment,student preparation,teaching facilities and integration with bsic or clinical sciences or community medicine.All offered remedies and innovations to meet their limitations.Common words registeredwere:”coordination”,”integration”,”synchronization”,”problem-based learning”rational”and”holistic”.The medical curriculum undertaken at the University of the Philippines is innovative and ecclectic with its unique features.Adopted in 1987,the program named INTARMED stands for”INT egrated liberal ARts MEDicine”INTARMED is aseven-year course with a two-track entry,one direct from high school and another lateral entry from a pre-medical course.It is designed for horizontal and vertical integrationwith a simple-to-complex progression in competency with each higher level.Basicphamacology is introduced in Year Level Ⅳ as Pharmacodynamics and in Year Level Ⅴas Pharmacokinetics.By Year Level Ⅵ,the clinical clerks are into Pharmacotherapeutics.At this level,clinical electives are offered such as Pharmacology 292 for in-depth workon the chosen area.The elective in Pharmacology allows for small group activity with apreceptor for a month to learn the steps to good prescribing and to develop their personalformulary.

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pharmacology ； medical education ； curriculum ； innovative teaching

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