試論文藝心理學研究之科學性

曾有學者提出疑問，指文藝心理學研究的根究竟應該扎於「文藝」心理學的文藝性上，還是扎在文藝「心理學」的科學性上？若謂文藝與心理學之間具排斥性，筆者認為這是一個不存在的偽命題。在文藝心理學的研究中，往往文藝是對象而心理學是研究方法。當然，在文藝的研究領域內，學者經常會面對已故作家和虛構人物之課題。可是，那影響到的是學者可以搜集甚麼數量和性質的資料，以及應採用何種取向作研究，而不是貶低了運用心理學方法時之科學性。社會科學的科學性是來自研究方法的設計、準確的觀察和描述。只要嚴謹地按照社會科學研究的步驟去設計研究，文藝心理學的科學性並不亞心理學其他研究範疇。總而言之，文藝心理學並不因研究課題屬文藝範疇而減損了其科學性。

關鍵字

文藝心理學；可驗證性；社會科學；科學性；賈寶玉；蘇曼殊

並列摘要

Since the late 90s, some researchers began to question the future development and potentiality of psychology of art and literature. One of the hottest debates is the scientific reasoning in psychology of art and literature. Some researchers claimed that ＂art and literature＂ and scientific reasoning in ＂psychology＂ cannot coexist. Thus, this subject is doomed to fade from academic research field. This article intends to refute this argument, and suggests that such comments are only some false statements. The fact is ＂psychology of art and literature＂ is a research method, in which by using psychology concepts and theories, researchers try to explain some phenomenon happening in art and literature. It is not true to say that because the research subjects are writers, readers or characters in literature, it hinders the scientific reasoning of the researchers. This article tries to investigate the true problem behind.