盈餘管理個案之研究：育樂事業收入之認列

Earnings Management Case Study: Revenue Recognition in Leisure and Resort Industry

林有志(Yu-Chih Lin) ； 黃劭彥(Shaio-Yan Huang) ； 盧昭君(Taso-Chun Lu)

《評價學報》 4期 (2011/07) Pp. 112-127

https://doi.org/10.30073/JV.201107.0005

摘要

近幾年興起的休閒渡假中心營運訴求包含住宿、餐飲及遊憩設施，並以全家渡假休閒為號召，成為未來休閒渡假的主流。統合開發股份有限公司主要經營會員制之休閒渡假旅館之業務，係結合休閒旅館與渡假村之特性，提供該公司之會員渡假、運動、休閒、健診及會議等功能之多據點休閒渡假俱樂部。本研究針對該公司的收入認列政策進行個案研究，旨在探討經營會員制的休閒渡假旅管業務或高爾夫球場，入會費收入應在何時承認。研究發現統合開發股份有限公司如遵循原分五年認列入，則淨利顯然偏低甚至虧損，於85年度起收取之入會費收入扣除相關發生之獎金後，按淨額認列收入之會計方法變更，也只是87及88年度有巨額盈餘外，僅維持三個年度有小額盈餘外，往後年度仍呈現虧損狀態，證實統合開發股份有限公司於85年度起收取入會費收入扣除相關發生之獎金後，按淨額認列收入之會計方法變更，是很嚴重的錯誤，顯有透過會計方法達虛增盈餘之實，以求達到順利通過上櫃審查的目的。收入認列政策的改變及股價由最高點到下櫃的過程，是收入認列方法變更導致報表失真造成的，而終至下櫃。

關鍵字

收入認列 ； 會計變動 ； 個案研究

並列摘要

The recreational centers that prospered over the past few years offer food & accommodations and recreational facilities and cater to families have become the mainstream players in the leisure & resort industry. Uni-Resort operates a membership system and provides holiday hotels at recreational sites, combining the characteristics of leisure hotels and vacation resorts. Its network of clubs meets the requirements of holiday recreation, sports, leisure, medical check-ups and conferences. This research studies the revenue recognition polices of Uni-Resort, with an aim to explore the appropriate timing of revenue recognition for membership based resort hotels or golf court operators. We find that if Uni-Resort continues to follow its original policy to recognize revenue on a five-year basis, its net income will remain low or even report a loss. Since 1996 when the company changed the current practice of revenue recognition only saw huge earnings in 1998 and 1999 and insignificant earnings for the subsequent three years. Since the sixth year, the company has been in the red. This proves that the changes of the revenue recognition accounting practice is a serious mistake. It is obvious a way to boost earnings through accounting methods in order to pass the OTC listing criteria. The change of its income recognition policies resulted in a distorted reporting of financial statements, and hence its share price to plummet from the peak to the eventual delisting.

並列關鍵字

revenue recognition ； accounting change ； case study