王府之想像－臺南王醮中的衙署空間建構

全臺各地迎請代天巡狩千歲爺習俗，旣有偶發性的，也有固定性的，興盛程度不言而喩。通常臺灣南部定期迎送代天巡狩，較為講究的會附帶王醮科儀、王府行儀與王船等多元的儀式表現，其中又以臺南王李家族所踐諾之王醮最具代表性，他們遵照古老的《醮事簿》內容實際操作演示。本文以此作為主要討論對象。臺南王李家族執行之王醮有別於其它地方，空間元素大抵有旗杆、炮亭、吹亭、轅門、大門（行臺）、儀門和王府（大堂），尤其是區位配置到機能使用，近乎和衙署空間模型屬性吻合，為官方《（光緒朝）欽定大清會典》衙署範式下的仿傚。藉由臺南王醮現有的線索參與式觀察，並結合官方文獻、民間史料及現存衙署建築交互比對檢視後，發現其空間並非單純的幻想創造，背後有其系統性之設計安排。千歲爺作為王醮中信仰儀式之重心，利用建構的空間，輔以禮制之實踐，完整形塑衙署功能的支配權。禮祝儒士與高功道長相輔合營，受理民眾的冤屈與祈福，並協助地方鎮邪怯瘟，進而達到集體療癒之效果。

關鍵字

民間信仰；代天巡狩；衙署建築；王醮；空間與使用

並列摘要

Across all of Taiwan, the Taoist custom of welcoming a Wang Ye hunting patrol on behalf of heaven may either be a sporadic event or a regularly scheduled occurrence, and its popularity is beyond question. Usually in southern Taiwan, the welcoming of a Wang Ye patrol takes place periodically with various performances, including patrol rituals, palace rituals, and the ritual of boat send-off. The ritual carried out by the Wang Lee Family in Tainan city, which follows the ancient ＂ritual booklet＂ to conduct the ceremony, is most representative. The Wang Ye ritual differs from others: the spatial elements usually include flag pole, official entrance, music pavilion, artillery pavilion, front door, ceremonial door, and a large hall (the palace representing heaven). The allocation of each spatial element and functioning purpose closely matches the attributes of the architectural model, which is a standardized arrangement. Comparing existing Wang Ye ritualistic clues, participatory observations, and historical documents with palace building constructions that remain, the space is not simply an imaginative simulation but a systematic design arrangement. Wang Ye, as the core of the folk belief patrol ritual, depends on the constructed space supplemented with ritualistic practices to comprehensively establish celestial government functions. The ritualistic Confucians collaborate with Taoist priests to accept the grievances and prayers from faithful believers and assist in local efforts to fight off evil forces and drive away diseases, achieving the effect of a collective healing.