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代間關係與成年子女照顧父母之關聯

Intergenerational Relationships and Adult Children Support to Ageing Parents in Taiwan

摘要


台灣老年人口佔國內總人口比例日益增加。面對高齡社會,政府提出高齡政策來因應人口老化帶來的衝擊,但在政府提供資源有限的情況下,政府提供的服務對象有限,經費與人力不足以涵括所有老年人口。而世界衛生組織(WHO,2016)曾在計劃中提出「代間連帶」原則,強調透過代間共同分擔老人照顧的風險與成本,可促進社會凝聚、降低整體社會負擔。因此,子女提供父母照顧仍是現今不可或缺的要素。根據文化規範的觀點,傳統華人家庭中親代撫養子代成長,待子代成年後奉養親代。代間關係呈現出回饋模式,是一種責任與義務對等的機制。現今家庭型態越來越多樣化,加上不與子女同住的老人增加,讓照顧父母的行為可能有不同的變化,而代間關係是連結子女照顧父母的重要因素。本研究從成年子女的角度切入,探討代間關係與子女照顧父母之影響。本研究以2011年與2016年台灣社會變遷調查家庭組資料為基礎,分析915位至少一名父母健在且與父母不同住之已婚受訪者。資料分析顯示,子女提供父母財務、勞務和情感支持有性別差異。其次,居住距離越近,子女提供勞務與情感支持的頻率越高。再者,夫妻間奉養權力分配會影響子女提供財務支持。最後,代間關係與子女提供財務、勞務和情感支持皆有顯著影響。

並列摘要


The paper examines the relationship between the intergenerational relationships and adult children support to ageing parents. Nowadays, the family pattern is becoming more diverse, and the increasing number of the ageing parents and children not living together. The behavior of caring for parents may be different. Thus, the intergenerational relationships is an important point in relation to care for the elderly parents. Data taken from the 2011 and 2016 Taiwan Social Change Survey: Family. The study analyzed 915 married respondents who had at least one parent alive and lived apart from their parents. Research results show that there are gender differences in the financial, labor and emotional support of the parents. Second, the geographic proximity affect the children provide labor and emotional support. Furthermore, the distribution of power in couple is related to elderly parental support, and the distribution of power affect the financial support. Finally, intergenerational relationships have a significant impact on the financial, labor, and emotional support.

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