探討生態系統服務評估能否反映人工濕地棲地品質與生物多樣性之重要性

Does Ecosystem Service Valuation Reflect Importance of Habitat Quality and Biodiversity in Constructed Wetlands?

黃科溥(Ko-Pu Huang) ； 任秀慧(Rita S. W. Yam) ； 林幸助(Hsing-Juh Lin) ； 卞文俊(Woon-Chun Peng)

《農業工程學報》 59卷3期 (2013/09) Pp. 32-49

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201309_59(3).0004

摘要

Surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) which have commonly used as the off-site mitigation measure for the degraded and loss of wetlands, have been developed to serve for multiple ecosystem functions. Ecosystem functions can be quantified by monetary values using ecosystem service assessment to enhance public recognition, and we can determine the importance of const ructed wetlands based on the values of ecosystem services they provided. Biodiversity supporting services is one of the key ecosystem services of SFCWs. However, the biodiversity and habitat quality valuation of wetlands are generally underdeveloped in the current assessment of ecosystem services. Therefore, in this study, we conducted biodiversity survey in two SFCWs in the northern Taiwan and valuated the biodiversity supporting services based on Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) aiming to determine if MA could reflect the importance of habitat quality and biodiversity in Taiwan SFCWs. Our results showed that the two study SFCWs were important habitats for many birds in Taiwan including two protected species and five endemic species. Also, these two SFCWs located along the important migratory pathway for migratory birds. The biodiversity of benthic macro invertebrates of our two study SFCWs was similar to other natural and restored wetlands in different parts of the world. Despite the importance of biodiversity supporting function of these two SFCWs, their monetary values of biodiversity supporting services as calculated by MA was relatively low «10% of total values). Therefore, it could not be appropriate to use this MA method based on global assessment directly to assess wetlands in Taiwan which is characterized by unique climatic, environmental and ecological conditions. Hence, we proposed some improvement measures of the current MA, and advocated that Sub-Global Assessments for wetland ecosystem services should be developed for tropical and subtropical islands. Thus, this can allow derivation of a more accurate and objective ecosystem service assessment system for Taiwan wetlands and provision of important insights on the policies of constructed wetlands management in Taiwan.

關鍵字

溼地生態系統服務評估 ； 表面流人工溼地 ； 生物多樣性

並列摘要

Surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) which have commonly used as the off-site mitigation measure for the degraded and loss of wetlands, have been developed to serve for multiple ecosystem functions. Ecosystem functions can be quantified by monetary values using ecosystem service assessment to enhance public recognition, and we can determine the importance of const ructed wetlands based on the values of ecosystem services they provided. Biodiversity supporting services is one of the key ecosystem services of SFCWs. However, the biodiversity and habitat quality valuation of wetlands are generally underdeveloped in the current assessment of ecosystem services. Therefore, in this study, we conducted biodiversity survey in two SFCWs in the northern Taiwan and valuated the biodiversity supporting services based on Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) aiming to determine if MA could reflect the importance of habitat quality and biodiversity in Taiwan SFCWs. Our results showed that the two study SFCWs were important habitats for many birds in Taiwan including two protected species and five endemic species. Also, these two SFCWs located along the important migratory pathway for migratory birds. The biodiversity of benthic macro invertebrates of our two study SFCWs was similar to other natural and restored wetlands in different parts of the world. Despite the importance of biodiversity supporting function of these two SFCWs, their monetary values of biodiversity supporting services as calculated by MA was relatively low «10% of total values). Therefore, it could not be appropriate to use this MA method based on global assessment directly to assess wetlands in Taiwan which is characterized by unique climatic, environmental and ecological conditions. Hence, we proposed some improvement measures of the current MA, and advocated that Sub-Global Assessments for wetland ecosystem services should be developed for tropical and subtropical islands. Thus, this can allow derivation of a more accurate and objective ecosystem service assessment system for Taiwan wetlands and provision of important insights on the policies of constructed wetlands management in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Ecosystem service assessment of wetlands ； Surface flow constructed wetlands ； Biodiversity