情緒及特殊學習障礙兒童之腦功能初步研究

Preliminary Study on Brain Dysfunction of the Children with Specific Learning Disabilities and/or Emotional Disturbance

高麗芷(Lee-Jyy Kau) ； 鄭信雄(Shin-Siung Jung) ； 陳美津(Mei-Jin Chen) ； 褚增輝(Tsang-Fai Chu) ； 鄭南鵬(Nan-Peng Tseng)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 3卷 (1985/09) Pp. 27-33

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.1985.03.05

摘要

為了解我國情緒及特殊學習障礙學童的腦功能是否正常，暨尋求有效的治療方法，作者接受台北市教育局委託，在台北市劍潭國民小學從事感覺統合診治研究。本文係民國71年7月至72年8月的第一階段研究報告。研究對象為該校49名學童，其中實驗組37名是由資源班低年級學童，低年級級任導師轉介之情緒或／及特殊學習障礙學童，以及家長在「學習、情緒障礙兒童感覺統合功能調查表」中註明有4項以上問題之低年級學童所組成。對照組12人是由各學習或情緒障礙的低年級學生組成。研究工具採用「南加州感覺統合測驗」、「南加州旋轉後眼球震顫測驗」，及與感覺統合有關的眼，手使用暨原始神經反射等臨床觀察。結果顯示，實驗組中24人有感覺統合功能失常現象，9人有輕微腦功能失常現象，合計33人(89%)，而對照組中僅1人(8%)有輕微腦功能失常現象，兩組的差異在統計上具有意義。因此，建議在矯治此類兒童時，亦應給予腦功能評鑑，以期了解兒童學習及情緒問題的全貌，進而給予適當的治療。

並列摘要

This study was undertaken to investigate whether the children with specific learning disabilities and/or emotional disturbance have brain dysfunction. Between July 1982 and August 1983, 49 first and second graders of Taipei City Jiann-Tarn Primary School had been administered Southern California Sensory Integration Tests, Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test and other related neurological examination. Out of the 49 pupils, 37 pupils which consisted the experimental group were referred by class room teachers, resource room teachers and parents respectively with noted learning and/or emotional problems. The other 12 pupils who demonstrated neither learning nor emotional problems were selected as the control group. Thirty-three pupils (89%) of the experimental group were found to have neurological soft signs as compared to one pupil (8%) of the control group. Of the brain dysfunction group, 73% was interpreted as sensory integrative dysfunction and 27% as minimal brain dysfunction. The results indicated that a great majority of pupils with noted learning and/or emotional problems did have brain dysfunction. The prevalence of brain dysfunction condition among first and second graders of this school was 6.1 per cent. It was suggested that children with specific learning disabilities and/or emotional disturbance be assessed by medical professionals.

並列關鍵字

learning disabilities ； emotional disturbance ； sensory integration