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  • 期刊

發生論文學批評與文本發生學之奠立及其發展

The Origins and Development of Genetic Criticism and Textual Genetics

摘要


本文探討「發生論文學批評」(La Critique génétique)和「文本發生學」(La génétique des textes)的源起及其發展。文本發生學是具體地考察作家手稿、解碼辨讀手稿,而發生論文學批評則是研究解碼辨讀的成果,尋找文學作品創作時誕生狀態中文本之歷史。1979年《發生論文學批評論集》(Essais de critique génétique)一書問世之後,「發生論文學批評」理論和研究方法正式列席於二十世紀眾多法國文學批評理論行列之中。與其他理論最大的不同是,「發生論文學批評」所關注的研究對象是:以文學作品的「前文本」、草稿、親筆手稿、創作與書寫過程當中的全部有關資料與細節、出版之前、出版時、出版之後的各種狀況或連續出版不同版本的各種狀態等;特別重視文本或文學作品的初始樣貌及其後續不斷的演變和發展,換言之,即注重探尋與挖掘文學的「原始秘密」。本文乃根據筆者自1979年赴法求學讀書後至今所蒐集與購買到的書籍資料作為論述立論基礎,最近買到的是2011年3月中旬於巴黎尋獲的”GENESIS 30”及”Génétique matérielle , génétique virtuelle”兩部;此外,「他們在島嶼寫作」的系列影片、iPad2和iCloud的開發上市等對本文的充實和研究作了最具體的助益與實證。

並列摘要


This essay explores the origins and development of Genetic Criticism (La Critique génétique) and Textual Genetics or Genetic of the texts (La génétique des texts). Genetic of the texts, refers to the detailed analysis and interpretation of the manuscripts of an author. Genetic Criticism is the result of the study of these interpretations, and the pursuit of the history of a text through its primary condition at the time in which a literary work is created. When ”Essays on Genetic Criticism (Essais de critique génétique)” appeared in 1979 in Paris, the theory and research method of Genetic Criticism took their place among the ranks of the multitude of theories in 20th Century French Literary Criticism. The greatest difference between this theory and others is that the object of research in Genetic Criticism is the ”avant-text,” drafts, handwritten manuscripts, and all relevant materials and aspects involved in the creative writing process, as well the circumstances prior to, during, and after publication, or the circumstances surrounding the publication of different editions. It especially emphasizes the initial appearance of a text or literary work and its continual evolution and development; in other words, it emphasizes pursuing and excavating the ”original secret” of literature.

參考文獻


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(2009).Génétique matérielle, génétique virtuelle.Québec:PUL.
Barthes, Roland(1970).S/Z.Paris:Seuil.

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