屬於Xylaria屬中21個種在此被描述,包括2個新種:X. formosana Ju & Tzean., X. wulaiensis Ju & Tzean; 1個新變異種:X. arbuscual (Fr.) Fr. Var. Pleno-fissura Ju & Tzean; 16個臺灣新紀錄種:包括X. allantoidea (Berk.) Fr., X. anisopleura (Mont.) Fr., X. apiculata Cooke, X. arbuscual (Fr.) Fr., X. cubensis (Mont.) Fr. X. dichotoma (Mont.) Fr., X. feejeensis (Berk.) Fr., X. fissilis Ces., X. grammica (Mont.) Fr., X. leprosa Speg., X. multiplex (Kze.) Fr. X. myosurus Mont., X. obovata (Berk.) Fr., X. regalis Cooke, X. rickii Theiss. X. schweinitzii Berk. & Curt.;以及2個以前被描述過的種X. telfairii (Berk.) Fr., X. nigripes (Klotzsch) Cooke.
Totally, twenty-one species of Xylaria are described in this report, including two new species: X. formosana and X. wuiaiensis; one new variety: X. carbuncular var. pleno-fissura; sixteen species are new records for Taiwan: X. allantoidea (Berk.) Fr., X. anisopleura (Mont.) Fr., X. apiculata Cooke, X. arbuscula (Fr.) Fr., X. cubensis (Mont.) Fr., X. dichotoma (Mont.) Fr., X. feejeensis (Berk.) Fr., X. fissilis Ces., X. gramrnica (Mont.) Fr., X. leprosa Speg., X. multiplex (Kze.) Fr., X. myosurus Mont., X. obovata (Berk.) Fr., X. regalis Cooke, X. rickii Theiss and X. schweinitzii Berk. & Curt., and two previously described species: X. telfairii (Berk.) Fr., and X. nigripes (Klotzsch) Cooke.