臺灣中部山區不同林相之金花蟲物種多樣性分析：以溪頭自然教育園區為例

SPECIES DIVERSITIES OF LEAF BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) IN DIFFERENT FOREST TYPES OF THE CENTRAL TAIWAN: A CASE STUDY OF XITOU NATURE EDUCATION AREA

李怡儂(Yi-Nung Lee) ； 柯俊成(Chiun-Cheng Ko) ； 李奇峰(Chi-Feng Lee) ； 葉信廷(Hsin-Ting Yeh)

《中華林學季刊》 50卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 85-102

摘要

本研究主要目的是調查金花蟲(鞘翅目，金花蟲科)在不同森林生態系中的群聚組成，評估不同森林型態對於金花蟲物種多樣性的影響。本試驗於國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林管理處所轄之溪頭自然教育園區選定4條人工林穿越線(紅檜林、柳杉林、孟宗竹林和闊葉林)及1條原生闊葉林穿越線，每條穿越線各500m，於2014年11月至2016年6月，每個月採沿途掃網的方式採集樣本，而後將金花蟲挑出後鑑定至種。本研究期間總共採集到2,462隻金花蟲個體，共計46屬73個種類，全區前三名優勢金花蟲種類為黃角卵葉蚤(Euphitrea flavicornis)、條背長刺葉蚤(Aphthonoides beccarii)以及黃褐縱條葉蚤(Manobia lewisi)。利用Shannon-Wiener多樣性指數(H')及Pielou均勻度指數(E)比較不同穿越線內的金花蟲種類組成，分析結果指出人工柳杉林的多樣性指數最低(H'=1.48, E=0.55)，而人工闊葉林(H'=2.76, E=0.70)及天然闊葉林(H'=2.37, E=0.69)的多樣性指數較高，顯示人工林之金花蟲物種多樣性差異大，推測植群組成及其他環境因子對金花蟲的群聚組成均可能造成影響。本研究提供溪頭地區金花蟲種類名錄，以及在不同森林型態中的金花蟲群聚組成以及物種多樣性分析及探討，期望本研究結果能成為進一步研究影響物種多樣性分析之基礎，並可作為森林生態系的環境監測、林業管理及生態保育的參考。

關鍵字

金花蟲科 ； 森林昆蟲學 ； 金花蟲 ； 人工林 ； 天然林 ； 物種多樣性

並列摘要

The main purpose of this research is to obtain an understanding of species diversity of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the different forest environment in Xitou Nature Education Area. A 500m transect was set in each of the four plantation types (red cypress, Japanese cedar, Moso bamboo, and broad-leaved) and one natural broad-leaved forest, and insects are collected by sweeping along transects once a month from November 2014 to June 2016. Totally 2,462 individuals of leaf beetles were collected which belong to 73 species and 46 genera, and the top three dominant species in the whole area are Euphitrea flavicornis, Aphthonoides beccarii, and Manobia lewisi. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness index (E) are applied in comparing the number of species and abundance of leaf beetles in the different transects. The result shows that species diversity of leaf beetles is lowest in Japanese cedar plantation (H'=1.48, E=0.55), and higher in broad-leaved plantation (H'=2.76, E=0.70) and natural forest (H'=2.37, E=0.69). We suggest that species diversity of understory plants and environmental factors may have influence on the chrysomelid species assemblages. This study offers inventories and basic understanding of species diversity of leaf beetles of five types of forest in Xitou Nature Education Area, and results analysis of species diversity can be taken as a reference of forest ecosystem management.

並列關鍵字

Chrysomelidae ； Forest entomology ； Leaf beetle ； Man-managed forest ； Natural forest ； Species diversity