臺灣扁柏林木葉子揮發性有機化合物釋出速率與季節變化之探討

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN EMISSION RATES AND COMPOSITION OF TERPENOIDS EMITTED FROM LEAVES OF CHAMAECYPARIS OBTUSA VAR. FORMOSANA

陳盈如(Ying-Ju Chen) ； 林群雅(Chun-Ya Lin) ； 葉汀峰(Ting-Feng Yeh) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 52卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 89-102

摘要

為瞭解臺灣扁柏（Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana）葉子於不同季節釋出BVOCs的化學組成及其釋出速率，本研究利用現場採樣法監測BVOCs之釋出。試驗結果顯示，臺灣扁柏林木於不同季節釋出之主要BVOCs皆以單萜類化合物（MTs）為主，尤以夏、秋（69.82 ± 6.03%、84.65 ± 6.72%）二季高於冬、春（65.25 ± 2.28%、67.31± 9.09%）二季。二萜類化合物（DTs）之釋出比例於冬季（23.08 ± 3.69%）與春季（20.83 ±9.99%）有增加趨勢。BVOCs之主要成分包括Sabinene（18.40 ± 2.83%-36.37 ± 13.03%）、α-Pinene（6.11 ± 1.84%-9.82 ± 1.38%）、Limonene（4.01 ± 2.35%-15.83 ± 8.86%）及β-Myrcene（7.50 ± 1.11%-10.04 ± 1.28%）等。BVOCs之總釋出速率以夏季（198.52 ±46.94 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）與秋季（176.60 ± 62.68 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）高於冬季（104.55 ± 18.90 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）與春季（111.59 ± 6.86 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)），根據迴歸分析統計結果顯示，溫度為影響臺灣扁柏林木BVOCs釋出速率之主要因子。進一步分析不同季節單萜類、倍半萜類（STs）及二萜類之標準釋出速率，MTs（420.37 ± 76.83 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）與STs（194.96 ± 41.68 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）之標準釋出速率皆以秋季最高；而DTs則以冬季（229.97 ± 37.27 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)）遠高於其他季節，為5-11倍，顯示不同類型萜類化合物的釋出速率仍有相當大幅度的改變。本研究結果除可提供未來規劃森林浴之參考，也是深入了解光化學煙霧與空氣品質監控之重要資訊。

關鍵字

植物揮發性有機化合物 ； 臺灣扁柏 ； 釋出速率 ； 葉子 ； 季節

並列摘要

Seasonal variations of emission rates and compositions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from leaf of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana were measured using an in situ vegetation enclosure sampling method. The actual/basal emission rates and the compositions of terpene compounds in different seasons were compared. The results showed that monoterpenoids (MTs) were the most dominant BVOCs emitted in all seasons (65.25 ± 2.28%-84.65 ± 6.72%), while the proportion of diterpenoids (DTs) were higher in winter (23.08 ± 3.69%) and spring (20.83 ± 9.99%). Sabinene (18.40 ± 2.83%-36.37 ± 13.03%) was the predominant BVOCs in all seasons, followed by α-pinene (6.11 ± 1.84%-9.82 ± 1.38%), limonene (4.01 ± 2.35%-15.83 ± 8.86%) and β-myrcene (7.50 ± 1.11%-10.04 ± 1.28%). The total emission rates (TERs) were higher in the warm seasons (summer and fall), and lower in the cold seasons (winter and spring). TERs peaked in the summer at 198.52 ± 46.94 ng g^(-1) h^(-1), and the lowest TER (104.55 ± 18.90 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)) was observed in winter. Multiple regression analysis results indicated that temperature affects terpene emissions more than PAR. The basal emissions (Es) of MTs and STs peaked in fall (MTs: 420.37 ± 76.83 ng g^(-1) h^(-1); STs: 194.96 ± 41.68 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)), whereas the highest Es of DTs was recorded in winter (229.97 ± 37.27 ng g^(-1) h^(-1)), 5 to 11 times higher than those measured in other seasons. The results presented here provide essential information not only for better understanding of photochemical smog and air quality control but also for planning of forest-bathing.

並列關鍵字

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) ； Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana ； Emission rate ； Leaf ； Season