極高速永磁同步電動機效率優化與設計

Design and Efficiency Optimization of Ultra High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

張正敏 ； 楊士進 ； 周柏寰 ； 洪國原 ； 劉乃文 ； 吳奇軍

《機械工業雜誌》 448期 (2020/07) Pp. 54-60

摘要

本文研究針對極高速永磁馬達提出一系統化之設計流程，其著重於高速運轉效率優化，同時考量不同驅動方式造成之性能差異。以往馬達設計大多著重於力矩密度提升與諧波抑制，但馬達高速化更能有效提高其體積功率密度，然而轉子徑向力、機械強度、導入轉子套筒之渦流損耗以及控制及驅動方式，皆顯著影響高速馬達的性能與限制。本文旨在提出高速馬達設計流程，試圖克服上述多項限制。此外考量控制器頻寬限制，高速馬達傳統利用六步方波驅動使其轉速最大化，因此本文亦比較方波與弦波驅動對高速馬達的性能差異。本文於設計階段即透過有限元素法（Finite Element Analysis, FEA）模擬，並完成一顆8萬轉初版馬達設計，進行樣機製作及後續性能測試。

關鍵字

極高速永磁馬達 ； 同步電動機 ； 徑向力

並列摘要

This study proposes a systematic design process, which optimizes the motor efficiency at high-speed operation. The performance of different drive methods are also considered for ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motors. Conventional motor design focuses on torque density improvement and harmonic suppression. However, high-speed design can effectively increase volumetric power density. The radial force, which affects rotor, mechanical strength, eddy current loss in the rotor sleeve, and the drive methods are of the main considerations. This paper proposes a process to design a typical motor. Additionally, due to the bandwidth limitation of the controller, the high-speed motor generally uses six-step square wave drive to maximize the speed. Therefore, the performance between the square wave drive and sine wave drive is also compared in this paper. Furthermore, finite element analysis (FEA) is adopted to supply detailed system dynamic characteristics for validation. The prototype of 80k rpm high-speed motor was designed for validation.

並列關鍵字

Ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor ； Permanent magnet synchronous motor ； Radial force

參考文獻

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