- 期刊
蓖麻油脫水製程及兩階段轉酯生產生質柴油之評估
Evaluation of Dehydrated Castor Oil through Two-Step Catalyzed Transesterification for Production Biodiesel
摘要
本試驗係將蓖麻油分別於磷酸、硫酸及鄰苯二甲酐等催化劑下進行脫水，接著選取最佳程序者，製作生質柴油。結果得知，蓖麻油於磷酸1.0%作用下獲得最佳脫水反應，原脂肪酸含量最高者為蓖麻油酸（Ricinoleic acid），而經脫水者含量降低約80%，而亞麻油酸則增加約80%。反應裝置1L者在脫水反應時間80min者為最佳條件，而2.5L者則以反應60min者為最佳；兩階段轉酯，可明顯改善轉酯化反應之缺點同時減少純化步驟，並增加其轉酯化反應之效率，而鹼催化反應若重覆進行，先移除部份甘油再多次反應，可提高其酯含量，脫水蓖麻油經四階段反應，蓖麻油生質柴油之酯含量可提高至96.12%，其作為生質柴油原料之物化性質皆有顯著改善。
並列摘要
The study applied a two-step transesterification to the dehydrated castor oil by using phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and phthalic anhydrate to produce biodiesel, respectively. The results showed that the best dehydration reaction of the castor oil was using 1.0% wt.% of phosphoric acid. The original highest content fatty acid was ricinoleic acid. But after dehydration, the ricinoleic acid was reduced approximately 80%, and octadecadienoic acid was increased about 80%. The optimum dehydration time of 1L reactor is 80 mins, and that of 2.5L reactor is 60 mins. The two-step transesterification to dehydrated castor oil could significantly improve the defects in one-step, such as reducing the purification steps, and increasing the efficiency of transesterification. If the base- catalyzed reaction was repeated by removing parts of the glycerol and keeping multiple reactions repeatedly, the ester content could be improved. The ester content of castor oil biodiesel could increase to 96.12% by a four-step transesterification to dehydrated castor oil. Both the physical and chemical properties of castor oil as biodiesel raw materials were significantly improved.