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栽培介質對籃耕紅色甜椒栽培之影響
Effects of Cultural Media on the Basket Culture of Red Sweet Pepper (Capsium annuum L.)
摘要
本試驗進行籃耕甜椒合適栽培介質之探討。以蔗渣堆肥介質、桃改3號介質、牛糞堆肥介質、雞糞堆肥介質及豬糞堆肥介質等五種栽培介質為材料，並以完整包裝之進口栽培袋bio-mix介質為對照，試驗採用逢機完全區集設計，三重複，參試之栽培介質定量裝於45 × 55 × 24 cm之塑膠籃，每小區5籃，每籃種植4株，以探討對籃耕紅色甜椒生育及產量之影響。試驗結果顯示，定植後40天之株高以種植在豬糞堆肥介質者之45.1 cm最高，處理間呈顯著性差異，莖徑則以種植在進口栽培袋者之9.3 mm最粗，處理間亦呈顯著性差異；果實成熟期以種植在進口栽培袋、桃改3號及豬糞堆肥介質者最早，而歷次大果採收次數以種植在豬糞堆肥介質者之7次為最高；產期分布以種植在蔗渣堆肥介質及豬糞堆肥介質者較為平均；大、中果之產量均以種植在蔗渣堆肥介質者最高，分別為25,110及41,426 kg/ha，處理間呈顯著性差異，小果產量則以種植在豬糞堆肥介質者最低，其產量為781 kg/ha，處理間呈顯著性差異，總產量及具市場銷售果品等級的產量亦以種植在蔗渣堆肥介質者最高，每公頃產量分別為67,890及66,536 kg/ha，處理間呈顯著性差異。試驗結果顯示，籃耕栽培利用蔗渣堆肥當介質直接種植或以雞、豬糞堆肥混拌適當比例之泥炭苔後種植紅色甜椒，可獲得較進口栽培袋高的產量及收益，但推薦蔗渣堆肥供籃耕栽培甜椒之介質較方便。
並列摘要
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different media on the growth and the yield of red sweet pepper by means of basket culture. Five media including chicken dung compost medium, sugarcane residue compost medium, Taoki no. 3 medium, cattle dung compost medium, hog dung compost medium were used for basket culture, while imported bio-mix cultural bag was used as control. Each plot consisted of five baskets and each basket planted four red sweet peppers. Randomized complete-block design with three replicates was used in this experiment. The results obtained 40 days after transplanting showed that the plant height was the highest in hog dung compost medium treatment with 45.1 cm, the stem diameter was the biggest in the control treatment with 9.3 mm, both of them were significantly different among treatments separately. In terms of fruit maturity, the fruit could mature earlier in bag culture, Taoki no. 3 medium and hog dung compost medium treatments than the others. The frequency for harvesting large fruit was the highest in hog dung compost medium treatment with 7 times. The harvest period distributed more evenly in sugarcane residue compost medium and hog dung compost medium treatments than the others. The yield of large and that of medium sized fruits were highest in sugarcane residue compost medium treatment with 25,110 kg and 41,426 kg per hectare separately. There was significant difference among treatments. The yield of small sized fruits was the lowest in hog dung compost medium treatment with 781 kg per hectare, with significant difference separately. The highest total and marketable yields were obtained in sugarcane residue compost medium plots with 67,890 kg and 66,536 kg per hectare separately, with significant difference, too. According to the result, basket contained sugarcane residue compost medium, chicken dung compost medium or hog dung compost medium could obtain higher yield of red sweet pepper than bag culture. For convenience of agricultural practice, we recommended the sugarcane residue compost to be used as medium for basket culture.