保險業務員勞工法律問題之探討－以契約定性為中心

保險業務員的身分及其契約權益的保障，應以契約的實際履行過程，單純地將其認定為承攬契約或僱傭契約或委任契約（所謂「單一契約說」模式），而分別以待。無需以混合契約或契約聯立理論加以處理、也不宜採取最高法院89年度1301號判決的思考模式處理。在此，是以契約特徵較強的契約類型，吸收契約特徵較弱的契約類型。所以，只會存在一個僱傭契約、或承攬契約、或委任契約。不過，由於勞務提供契約本質上的相似性及從屬關係的貼近性，可能造成實務上明確區分的困難，果如此，則基於勞工保護的立場、以及勞務屬性不明之不利益歸屬的風險歸屬考量，原則上即應以僱傭契約／勞動契約的規定，來解決雙方的爭議。惟這與最高法院89年度台上字第1301號判決所持的見解「勞動契約吸收承攬契約或委任契約」，理論上尚有不同。只不過，如果繼續承認混合契約及契約聯立理論可適用於非典型的勞務提供契約，那麼，退而求其次，原則上也應以吸收法的理論，即以主要的契約類型規定，處理混合制下的契約爭議。

關鍵字

保險業務員；非典型契約；單一契約說；混合契約；契約聯立；吸收法

並列摘要

The identity of insurance solicitors and the protection of his interests, should be based on the actual performance process of the contract, simplybeidentifiedeither as contract for work or as contract of employment/labor contractorascontract of mandate(the so-called ”single contract theory” mode). It is not necessary to solve the problems by the theory of mixed contract or joining contract. It also should not take the way of thinking which inhered in Verdict No. 1301 of Supreme Court Fisical Year 2000. The properly solution is the single contract theory which means that the stronger characteristics of certain contract will absorb another contract which accompanied by weaker characteristics. Therefore, there will be purelyacontract of employment, or contract for work, orcontract of mandate. However, due to the similar essence of different services contract and intimate similarity of different grad of subordination, itmay result in difficulties of clear distinction in practice.If so, then we should ground auf the th ought of labor protection and the burden of uninterested risk which result from the uncertainty of some contract type. And try to solve contract disputes according to the provisions which in principle regulated by contract of employment/laborcontract. Nevertheless, this solution way is different from the opinion of ”labor contractabsorbcontract for work or contract of mandate”, which founded in Verdict No. 1301 of Supreme Court Fisical Year 2000. But, if we carry out theory of mixed contract or joining contract in the field of atypical services contract continually, then, the second best choice, we should apply thetheoryoftheabsorption method, under this method the stipulations in maincontracttypes should be applicable todeal with contractdisputes of mixedcontract.