- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Composition of Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Breast Milk
母乳中長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸的分析
摘要
長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸對新生兒腦部及視網膜生理上的發育非常重要。本文因而收集30位正常足月產的母親在其產後第3日，及第4週及第8週的奶水，利用氣液層析法分析奶水中長鏈脂肪酸的成份。並以重量百分比表示從14個碳原子鏈長度，至24個碳原子鏈長度脂肪酸含量的比例。結果顯示長鏈飽和性及多元不飽和性脂肪酸分別約佔母乳中脂肪酸含量的30%，其中油酸（18個碳原子鏈長，一個不飽和鍵）在所有長鏈脂肪酸中含量最多，而亞麻油酸則在長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸中含量最多。與成熟母乳比較起，初乳中的長鏈多元不飽性脂肪酸及單元不飽和脂酸的含量較多，尤其是docosahexaenoic acid。同時隨著餵哺期的延長，飽和性脂酸的含量會逐漸增加。由這些發現可知母乳中長鏈飽和及多元不飽和性脂肪酸在餵哺期有相當的變化。因初乳中長鏈多元不飽和性脂肪酸較成熟乳有顯著差異，且人體中腦部與視網膜需多量的此種脂肪酸，故可推知母乳中長鏈多元不飽和性脂肪酸對新生兒腦部和視網膜的發育相當重要。
並列摘要
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are physiologically important to newborn brain and retina development. This study was designed to analyze the LCPUFA composition of human milk in samples of 30 mothers at day 3, as well as the 4th and 8th weeks of lactation. The results of gas-liquid chromatographic fatty acid analysis are expressed as percentage of all fatty acids detected with chain lengths between 14 and 22 carbon atoms. The results showed C18:1 was the highest concentration in all fatty acid profiles, while C18:2ω-6 was the highest concentration in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids constitute 30.99% of long chain fatty acids in clostrum, 34.29% and 34.70% at the 4th and 8th week of lactation respectively. Monounsaturated fatty acids range from 35.40% in colostrum, to 35.69% and 36.02% of long chain fatty acids at the 4th and 8th weeks of lactation. In addition, polyunsaturated fatty acids contribute 32.17%, 28.36% and 27.31% of long chain fatty acids in colostrum, the 4th and 8th weeks of lactation. In comparison with mature milk, human colostrum was characterized by higher percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially for docosahexaenoic acid. It is concluded that in view of their levels in breast milk, the polyenoic derivatives may play an important role in the newborn development.