- 期刊
- OpenAccess
常見本土性主食類之昇糖指數
The Glycemic Index of Domestic Foods
摘要
有鑑於國人對於昇糖指數(glycemic index, Gl)的認識不是很清楚及缺乏國內之本土性食物及加工食品的Gl值，本研究擬建立一份屬於國內自有的食物／食品Gl值之資料庫，以提供給營養師、運動員及其他相關的人員作為參考。研究中選取無腸胄道、新陳代謝問題之15位，年齡18~30歲的健康受試者，給予含50公克碳水化合物之自製食物或市售加工食物，並分別以葡萄糖及白吐司作為參考食物，且分別於攝取試驗食物之前及後之30、60、90及120分鐘抽血及測定血糖，並計算其血糖之曲線下面積(area under curve, AUC)。試驗產品共計21種，包括自製食物及市售加工食物，主要分為米飯類、米飯之外之主食類、水果類及其他類等4大類。結果顯示，在所有試驗食品中，以饅頭之Gl值為最高；含直鏈澱粉較少的糯米其Gl值較含直鏈澱粉多之蓬萊米和在來米高，其中又以長糯米高於圓糯米；此外，含脂肪或膳食纖維含量較多的食物其Gl值較低，例如：紅豆、綠豆、黑巧克力及活力棒。在國內營養保健盛行之際，建立屬於國人本土性食物的Gl值的相關數據有其必要性，此結果可以提供營養師、運動選手及教練在進行食物選擇、營養教育、飲食指導及設計上的參考。
並列摘要
Carbohydrates contained in food and drinks have the greatest relevance to health promotion and disease prevention. In 1981, Jenkins first introduced the glycemic index (GI) by comparing the postprandial blood glucose incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of different carbohydrate- containing foods. We could find no local reference data on domestic processed foods in Taiwan. During the past 10 months, the 61 value of 21 fresh foods and processed foods were measured in our lab, including reference food (i.e., glucose and toast, home-cooked foods, and processed foods. Among rice varieties, the highest Gl was waxy rice which contained the highest amylopectin amount. For processed foods, the highest Gl was steamed buns, and the lowest Gl was the black chocolate which also contained the highest fat content. The database of Gl values of home-cooked and processed foods can be used as reference data and instructional material when conducting nutritional education and dietary planning by dietitians, nutritionists, coaches, athletes, or other specific groups.