Combination and/or merger have long been the effective vehicles to upgrade administrative innovation and managerial effciency for local districts. When addressed as a typical case, local districts in Japan could be characterized by two levels. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the scenarios of merging different local districts in Japan, including the motives behind, steps taken, obstacles encountered, alternative resolution worked out, and cost-benefit analyzed. In the paper, empirical cased are used as secondary data to reinforce the tentative conclusion that merger is inevitable trend in local districts, one way or another.