- 期刊
台南地區銀髮族休閒運動參與、動機與幸福感之實證研究
Empirical Study on Leisure Sports Participation, Motivation and Happiness of Seniors in Tainan Area
摘要
本研究目的主要在瞭解台南區銀髮族休閒運動參與之現況，應用結構方程模式對本研究架構進行配適度及各路徑係數之分析，探討銀髮族在休閒運動之休閒動機、休閒參與對幸福感之影響。本研究採用問卷調查法，以立意抽樣方式針對台南公園400名65歲以上銀髮族之研究物件，於2016年5月10日至5月25日，發放共計400份問卷，經回收整理後有效問卷387份，有效問卷回收率96.75%。問卷回收所得資料運用SPSS統計軟體進行描述性統計，再以AMOS統計軟體進行結構方程模式分析收斂效度、區別效度、模型適配度及交叉效度。研究分析結果顯示整體模型之配適度良好。研究結果顯示有效樣本中以女性銀髮族202人占52.2%；小學以下187人，占有效樣本之48.3%；年齡70-74歲152人占39.3%為最多。以結構方程模型建構休閒動機、休閒參與對幸福感之關係發現，休閒動機與休閒參與相關係數為0.41*；休閒動機對幸福感路徑係數為0.71*；休閒參與對幸福感路徑係數為0.16*，皆達顯著水準。研究者根據研究結果提出三項提升銀髮族休閒動機、休閒參與及幸福感之建議，期望能夠提供政府與銀髮族相關社會福利機構及學術研究單位，作為未來在銀髮族福利政策之擬訂及實施或後續研究時參考之用。
並列摘要
The purpose of this research was mainly about current state of seniors leisure sports participation in Tainan Area. It applied structural equation modeling to analyze fitness and various path coefficient of the research framework and discussed the effect of leisure motivation and leisure participation on happiness while the seniors doing leisure sports. The research applied questionnaire method and took 400 seniors above 65-year-old in Tainan Park as research objects by the method of purposive sampling. From May 10 to 25, 2016, 400 questionnaires were distributed in total, in which, 387 valid questionnaires were recovered after recycling and sorting and the recovery ratio of valid questionnaires was 96.75%. Conduct descriptive statistics on statistics acquired in recycling questionnaire by SPSS statistical software and conduct structural equation modeling to analyze convergent validity, discriminant validity, model fitness and cross validation by AMOS statistics software. Analysis results showed that the overall model fitness was good. The results showed that 202 people were female seniors, accounting for 52.2% of valid samples; 187 people were primary school education level, accounting for 48.3% of valid samples; 152 people were aged 70-74, accounting for 39.3% as the biggest population. Constructing the relationship between leisure motivation, leisure participation and happiness by structural equation model, we could find that correlation coefficient of leisure motivation and leisure participation was 0.41*; leisure motivation vs. happiness path coefficient was 0.71*; leisure participation vs. happiness path coefficient was 0.16*, all those coefficient showed significant level. According to the research results, researchers put forward three suggestions to improve leisure motivation, leisure participation and happiness of seniors, expect to provide the reference for Government, Social Welfare Institutions associated with the seniors and Academic Research Unit when they formulate and implement welfare policy and conduct the follow-up research in future.