- 期刊
房樹人投射繪畫測驗計分初探－以憂鬱情緒困擾兒童為例
Development of a Scoring System using House-Tree-Person Drawings for Children with Depression
摘要
Background and Purpose: Epidemiological research shows that there has been an increase in childhood depression. Available evidence also suggests that depression is a recurrent condition. Therefore early detection and intervention are important. Because school-aged children are unable to adequately express their emotional difficulties verbally, this research attempted to develop a reliable scoring system that can distinguish childhood depression from non-clinical controls by employing house-tree-person (HTP) drawings. Methods: Children aged 10~12 years were invited to partake in the research. HTP drawings, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and Raven's progressive matrices (SPMs) were administered to the subjects. Children with a CDI score of＞19 were classified as the clinical group, while those with a CDI score of＜19 were classified as the controls. The researchers and an expert studied and analyzed the HTP drawings of the clinical and control groups, and then marked the indicators that distinguished the 2 groups. The indicators were then revised and finalized by the researchers and 2 other raters. Results: The results showed that (1) 9 major indicators and 27 minor indicators were found; (2) the Kendall coefficient of concordance showed that the inter-rater reliability was consistent (rho=0.898, p ＜0.00); and (3) the t-test was employed to verify the discriminant validity between the clinical and control groups. The result showed that a nearly significant discriminant validity was found with the scoring system developed in this research (t(subscript (1, 19))=1.34, p=0.197). Conclusions: The scoring system developed from this study has good inter-rater reliability. It is hypothesized that using more subjects would increase the significance level of the discriminant validity.
並列摘要
Background and Purpose: Epidemiological research shows that there has been an increase in childhood depression. Available evidence also suggests that depression is a recurrent condition. Therefore early detection and intervention are important. Because school-aged children are unable to adequately express their emotional difficulties verbally, this research attempted to develop a reliable scoring system that can distinguish childhood depression from non-clinical controls by employing house-tree-person (HTP) drawings. Methods: Children aged 10~12 years were invited to partake in the research. HTP drawings, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and Raven's progressive matrices (SPMs) were administered to the subjects. Children with a CDI score of＞19 were classified as the clinical group, while those with a CDI score of＜19 were classified as the controls. The researchers and an expert studied and analyzed the HTP drawings of the clinical and control groups, and then marked the indicators that distinguished the 2 groups. The indicators were then revised and finalized by the researchers and 2 other raters. Results: The results showed that (1) 9 major indicators and 27 minor indicators were found; (2) the Kendall coefficient of concordance showed that the inter-rater reliability was consistent (rho=0.898, p ＜0.00); and (3) the t-test was employed to verify the discriminant validity between the clinical and control groups. The result showed that a nearly significant discriminant validity was found with the scoring system developed in this research (t(subscript (1, 19))=1.34, p=0.197). Conclusions: The scoring system developed from this study has good inter-rater reliability. It is hypothesized that using more subjects would increase the significance level of the discriminant validity.