羽球單打選手專項體能測驗項目之研究

目的：本研究以國立體育大學105 學年度競技學院球類運動技術學系羽球專長單打之選手男十二名、女六名為研究對象。方法：經81 場循環賽比賽後，以名次為基準，探討筆者所編製之羽球單打選手專項體能測驗（50 公尺跑、米字步、殺球上網、左右移動跑、400 公尺、800 公尺、1/4 蹲舉、半蹲舉、全蹲、頸上推舉、頸後推舉、正握曲臂、反握曲臂、仰臥推舉、十二分鐘跑、一跳二迴旋、立定跳、10 公尺折返跑）與比賽名次之關係，並分別比較男生單打選手前六名和後六名及女生單打選手前三名及後三名在各專項體能測驗上的差異。結果：男生各項專項體能測驗成績與比賽名次達顯著相關之測驗項目有立定跳、10 公尺折返跑兩項，女生有一跳二迴旋、800 公尺、10 公尺折返跑三項。男生單打選手前六名和後六名各專項體能測驗達到顯著差異之測驗項目有50 公尺跑此一項；女生單打選手前三名和後三名各專項體能測驗皆未達到顯著差異水準。結論：優秀男生單打選手需要有爆發力（立定跳）、敏捷（10 公尺折返跑）及速度（50 公尺跑），女生單打選手需要有耐力（一跳二迴旋）、800 公尺、敏捷（10 公尺折返跑）。

關鍵字

羽球；體能訓練；比賽成績

並列摘要

Purpose: This study had 12 male and 6 female badminton players from badminton team in Department of Sports Training Science-Athletics of National Taiwan Sport University to be participants. Methods: After 81 events in round robin, we recorded the competition ranking as baseline in order to (1) examine the relationship between specific fitness battery test (included 50-meter dash ,footwork, front-back shuttle run, left-right shuttle run, 400-meter run, 800-meter run, 1/4squat, 1/2squat, full squat, barbell press (overhead neck, behind neck, reverse curl, backhand curl, bench press), 12 minutes run, 2 circles per jump (rope jumping), standing jump and 10 meters shuttle run) and badminton performance, and to (2) compare the specific fitness level between top ranking and lower ranking in different badminton players groups. Above 2 points were this study's main purpose. Results: One standing jump and 10 meters shuttle run of male badminton players and two circles per jump (rope jumping), 800 meter run and 10 meters shuttle run of female badminton players were significantly related to the ranking of badminton performance. Conclusions: Male top ranking players possessed significantly different fitness level in 50-meter dash; however, female top ranking and lower ranking players did not show any significant difference in each fitness level. The findings of this study revealed that male players require muscular strength, agility and speed, whereas female players should emphasize endurance and agility.