蘇天爵的《元文類》與元代中後期的大都文壇

Su Tianjue's ＂Yuan Literature Arranged by Genre＂ and the Literary Field of Dadu in the Mid and Late Yuan Dynasty

陳漢文(Hon-Man Chan)

《人文中國學報》 21期 (2015/11) Pp. 291-329

摘要

本文考察蘇天爵《元文類》的編纂意義，並以此書編列的元代中後期大都文人官員作品爲研究重點。此時期在大都供職的主要官員虞集和馬祖常與蘇天爵關係密切，《元文類》選入他們多篇作品，反映蘇天爵對大都文壇的重視。本文從三個角度作論述：先由外緣的元代政治文化背景窺探蘇天爵的編纂理念；次由内緣角度論書中作者與作品的編列，分兩層論述，一層見蘇氏的理想大都文人群體的示範意義，另一層見選詩表現的美刺傳統用心；最後用比較研究法，以兩本《皇元風雅》的選本意義比對《元文類》的選編意識，突顯後者本乎風雅的一代文化意義。

關鍵字

元文類 ； 蘇天爵 ； 虞集 ； 馬祖常 ； 南坡之變

並列摘要

This paper examines the embodiment of the process of selection of Su Tianjue's Yuan Literature Arranged by Genre with special reference to its selected works written by Dadu scholar-officials in the early fourteenth century. Su Tianjue laid emphasis on the significance of the literary field of Dadu and had a close relationship with the prominent scholar-officials Yu Ji (1272-1348) and Ma Zuchang (1279-1338) whose literary work had been well selected in the anthology. First, this paper discusses the criteria for the selection process of the anthology relating to the politics and cultural significance in the Yuan dynasty. Secondly, we will examine how and why Su Tianjue constructed an imagined circle of Dadu literati in the anthology to highlight the importance of the ＂meici＂ (praise and admonitions) tradition. Thirdly, we will explore the cultural meaning of Su Tianjue's anthology by emphasizing the ＂meici＂ tradition in contrast with other poetry anthologies published in the late Yuan period.

並列關鍵字

＂Yuan wen lei＂ ； Su Tianjue ； Yu Ji ； Ma Zuchang ； the coup d'état at Nanpo