摘要
本文是以沈從文的人性觀與《邊城》 為研究主題，《邊城》是沈從文小說創作生涯的代表作，最能完整體現他的創作理念與風格，也是最能彰顯沈從文對於人性的見解與思想的作品 ，本文探討沈從文作品對於人性的呈現與詮釋， 從沈從文的成長背景，生活經歷與其於文學志業自我實現的過程， 探索影響沈從文人性觀的因素，追溯其人性觀的形成與發展，並就《邊城》一書的人物、情節與環境， 與沈從文其他作品為比較與辯證， 以期完整深入探討沈從文作品人性觀的核心思想。 本論文總共分為七章: 第一章為緒論，簡述研究動機 、研究範圍與方法以及文獻回顧與探討。 第二章探索沈從文生命的發展歷程 ，追溯沈從文的生命軌跡， 著重於沈從文創作《邊城》《邊城》人性觀的形成與發展過程， 始自童年的家庭生活 ，至少年時期於湘西的成長過程， 繼而探討其入伍後的軍旅生涯所造成的深遠影響， 終於沈從文至北京求知並成為作家的經歷。 第三章為沈從文的創作理念與風格， 在創作理念方面， 著重於沈從文的人性理想，他對湘西的原鄉之愛， 以及對於文學志業的理想。 有關沈從文的創作風格則主要探討沈從文作品的詩意與其創作稟持的客觀精神， 並探究沈從文創作的美學觀， 對於其小說中的簡淨意境與文字音律特質為深入分析。 第四章探討影響沈從文人性觀的因素， 從家人影響 、自然啓發、生活學習、自我教育、感性領悟與文藝涵養， 研究影響沈從文人性觀的重要因素。 第五章為⟪邊城⟫人性觀的核心， 歸納沈從文《邊城》一書人性觀的核心， 分為愛、美、善與悲憫以及自主意志， 探討沈從文最重視的人性特質。 第六章為《邊城》的意義， 整合全文的論點，總結沈從文小說《邊城》的意義， 歸納為 人性美，詩意人生、 宗教情懷以及導向善良的寫作觀， 論證沈從文作品邊城的價值與歷史定位。
並列摘要
This study explored Shen Congwen’s perspective of humanity in his “Border Town”. As Shen’s masterpiece, “Border Town” fully reflects both his concepts and style of creation and his ideas of humanity. The purpose of this study was how Shen represented and interpreted humanity in “Border Town”. To have a better picture of Shen’s ideas of humanity, this study set out from Shen’s family background, life experiences, and this process of self-fulfillment in the field of literature to discuss factors and development of Shen’s perspective of humanity. Moreover, this study compared the characters, the plot, and the setting of “Border Town” with those of Shen’s other novels. This study is divided into seven chapters: The overview of the research, research motives, information scope, research methods, and literature review are depicted in the first chapter. The second chapter discusses the development of Shen’s perspective of humanity in “Border Town”. This chapter explores Shen’s life, setting out from his family life in his childhood and his teenage years in western Hunan, to his military life and his literature creation career in Beijing. The third chapter explores Shen’s ideas and style of literature works creation. Concerning his concepts, Shen stressed ideal humanity, his love to the hometown, and his devotion to literature. Regarding the style, not only were poeticness and objectiveness in his works discussed but also his aesthetics, simplicity, and metrical patterns in his literary works were carefully examined. The investigation of factors of Shen’s perspective of humanity in “Border Town” was addressed in the fourth chapter, including his family, inspirations from the nature, life learning, self-study, sensitivity, and cultivation. The fifth chapter addressed categories of Shen’s highly-valued perspectives of humanity in “Border Town”: love, beauty, goodness, mercy, free will, and poetic humanity. The sixth chapter concluded the significance and influence of Shen’s “Border Town”— beauty of humanity, kind and positive writer’s perspective, and humane religions. The evaluation and positioning of Shen Congwen in modern literature history was also addressed. The seventh chapter gives the most important mutual proof for the whole thesis discussion points.