電漿融熔技術處理焚化爐灰渣之研究

Investigation on Melting of Incineration Ash by Plasma

吳麗鳳

指導教授 ： 蘇艾

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

由於都市型垃圾及事業廢棄物皆以焚化爐來處理，每年數千萬噸的灰渣於焉產生；這些灰渣若未加以妥善處理，恐有二次公害之虞，因此如何適當處理灰渣便成為當前重要課題。吾收集國內外資料，加以分析，並佐以實驗證明，電漿熔融技術將能有效處理灰渣，並使之達廢棄物無害化、安定化、減容、減量、資源化再利用的目的。灰渣經配比（底灰飛灰2：1）試驗，發現其產生熔岩具有開發成集配材料的潛力。
在電漿熔融效益評估中發現，電漿熔融設備之設置成本影響效益甚鉅，高額引進國外設備難有基本效益顯現；預估以研發本土設備至500萬台幣/每噸灰，則可達到業界可接受之內部報酬率（IRR=15%）。
我國法規方面，吾建議在規劃方向應以分開收集為方式，制定較嚴格之溶出標準，並分類利用或處理。在獎勵方案上建議以免稅及標章，認定以單一專案審查設置許可方式，輔導廠商建立。並以設置輔助或處理費補助以及租金折算抵稅方式獎勵BOO焚化廠自行於廠區內設置，殷望本篇論文在政府環保政策上有所貢獻。

關鍵字

電漿 ； 焚化爐灰渣 ； 內部報酬率

並列摘要

Due to dealing with municipal or industrial waste by incineration plants, ten million tons of incineration ashes may be produced annually in Taiwan. The second pollution will be happened if these incineration ashes don’t be dealed with properly. “How to deal with these incineration ashes properly”is a vital issue today in Taiwan. The ash-melting by plasma is the efficient method to achieve the purposes of reduction , non-pollution & resource recovery by the studies in this papers. With the collection & analyses of local & foreign documents in addition to experimental evidences ,the compromising condition of blending(bottom ash:fly ash=2:1) is suggested in this papers. And, melted ash can be supplied as the resources of construction material potentially.
For the economical evaluation, the capital cost of the plasma facilities influences the profits of such-kind investiment strongly. The higher capital cost of foreign facilities causes the less benefit of such operated plant. The 15% internal pay-back rate(IRR) can be achieved by lowering down the capital cost to five million NT dollars per ton of incineration ash.
As to the management regulations, separate collection for bottom ash and fly ash, more constraint emission guidelines by TCLP test in addition to establish the catogories of dealing & re-utilization methods are suggested in this papers. For the encouragement methods, tax-free, unique & quick applicant procedures in addition to government approval mark are suggested for the establishment of such-kind plant. The capital cost or dealing fee must be shared by the government in addition to tax alternated by land rental fare are also suggested for the established facilities inside the present incineration plants. All conclusions & suggestions are hoped as the references of the formulating or modifying related environmental policy of the government helpfully in the future.

並列關鍵字

plasma ； incineration ash ； I.R.R.

參考文獻

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