摘要
中文摘要 側方喉形位於齒槽舌側溝的遠心端，也被稱為顎舌骨肌後窩(retromylohyoid fossa) 或是遠心舌側前庭(distolingual vestibule)。這個口腔內解剖位置最容易為人製作活動假牙時所忽略。若假牙的凸緣(flange) 能充分的進入側方喉形，能使假牙更能抵擋水平方向的運動，進而提高假牙的穩定性。另外，也因增強了假牙的周圍封閉性而提高了其固位力(retention)。根據Neil所提出的對於側方喉形之分類，認為會因周圍軟組織的結構使侧方喉形呈現Class I, II, III三種不同類型的延伸量。 Class I延伸範圍最長，Class II次之，而Class III最短。臨床上所見的類型多為Class I與Class II，Class III則極少見，但三級分類之分布詳細比率則是未知。此外臨床所見之全口活動義齒通常未能對於此處做適當利用，義齒延伸量常有所不足。 本研究依Neil之lateral throat form的三級分類來進行臨床檢查，探討各級別所佔的比率為何，並比較受測者口內側方喉形之深度與其全口活動假牙相對位置延伸量之差異。 臨床上口內測量一百個受測者之側方喉形，依Neil,s classification來加以判別。並以臼齒後墊為參考點，使用植體長度計量器測量受測者口內側方喉形之深度，並與其活動義齒之相對應位置的延伸量做比較。結果發現臨床病人Neil,s Class Ⅰ佔了70%，Class II為25%,Class Ⅲ為5%。在側方喉形的深度方面，臼齒後墊前緣處側方喉形的平均深度為14.5±1.7mm，臼齒後墊中央處的平均深度為17.3±1.7mm。臼齒後墊前緣與中央處之間達到在統計學上的顯著差異(p<0.0001)。義齒相對應的位置方面，前緣的平均深度為7.8±2.4mm，中央處的平均深度為7.4±3.3mm。受測者口內與其義齒的差距在前緣平均為6.7±2.9mm，在中央處部分平均為10.0±3.7mm，口內深度與活動義齒相應對位置之間的差異度都達到在統計學上的顯著差異(p<0.0001)。 本研究發現Neil,s Class I的側方喉形類型是臨床上最常見到的，在此臨床研究中所佔的比率為70%。受測者口內側方喉形深度與其活動義齒相應對位置之間的差異度達到在統計學上的顯著差異。若是使用植體長度計量器(或牙周探針) 來做測量，個人牙托的側方喉形位置可做較佳的調整。
並列摘要
Abstract Lateral throat form is the area situated at the distal end of alveololingual sulcus; also named retromylohyoid fossa or distolingual vestibule. It has profound influence at fabricating of complete denture but usually is not faced squarely by the clinician. When fabricating the mandibular denture, the distolinual flange of the denture should get into this space. It can resist horizontal movement and increase stability of the dentures. Besides, it can enhance the border sealing of the dentures and increase the retention. The length and the thickness of the flange into the space is different depending on the adjacent structure. According to Neil’s three classification. Class I lateral throat form will accommodate the longest and the thickest flange. In contrast, the class III lateral throat form has minimum length and thickness. The Class II lateral throat form is just between Class I & III. Most edentulous mouths have Class I & II lateral throat form; the Class III is rare. But the reality of proportion is unknown. Besides, most of the complete dentures have an under-extended distolingual flange. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proportion of the three classes in Neil’s lateral throat form classification, and measure the length of lateral throat form in patients’ mouth to compare with their dentures. We collect intraoral data from 100 subjects. The oral examination and classification of lateral throat form is according to Neil’s classification. We used a implant depth gauge to probe the depth of lateral throat form to compared the corresponding area of the patient’s mandibular complete denture. The retro-molar pad was taking as the reference point during the measurement. According to the measuring data, the proportion of Neil’s class I lateral throat form is 70%, class II is 25% and class III is 5%. The mean depth of lateral throat form at anterior of retro-molar pad (Anterior point) is 14.5±1.7mm. The mean depth of lateral throat form at middle of retro-molar pad is 17.3±1.7mm (Posterior point). The mean depth of Denture Anterior point is 7.8±2.4mm. The mean depth of Denture Posterior point is 7.4±3.3mm. Difference in length of lateral throat form between the patient’s mouth and denture were statistically significant at Anterior point (p<0.0001) and Posterior point (p<0.0001). With in the limitations of this clinical study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Class I is the majority of lateral throat form(70%). 2. The difference in length of lateral throat form in patient’s mouth and their removable complete dentures were statistically significant. 3. With the use of the implant depth gauge, the lateral throat form of the custom tray can be adjusted properly.