世界各主要國家高速鐵路營運績效評估

Performance Evaluation of High-Speed Railways in Major Countries Worldwide

簡呈企(Chen-Chi Chien)

指導教授 ： 吳泰熙

國立臺北大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

近幾年來，許多國家紛紛投入高速鐵路之建設。於建造完成後，各國的高速鐵路公司即接手後續的營運工作，因此，各國高速鐵路公司之營運績效是否能在同業中名列前茅成為學習標竿之對象，正考驗著管理階層的智慧。本研究利用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)來評估世界各主要高速鐵路公司之營運績效表現，另外配合諸如交叉效率分析(cross efficiency)、跨期比較之視窗分析(window analysis)以及排除環境因素干擾之三階段DEA分析(three-step DEA)等分析方法，試圖將本研究之受評單位(decision making unit, DMU)進行效率值高低之排名，以提供各高速鐵路公司作為營運參考之標竿公司。
透過實證分析所得之結果我們可以看出，利用本研究所採行的任何分析方法所得之效率分數皆以土耳其高速鐵路公司為最低；效率分數最高的公司分別為荷蘭、日本以及台灣三國之高速鐵路公司。本研究更進一步探討影響營運績效較出色之高速鐵路公司脫穎而出的原因，並且亦針對營運績效排名較差之高速鐵路公司排名無法提升之原因進行一整體性的分析與探討，期盼能提供一較為客觀之數據分析予各高速鐵路公司管理階層做為營運決策之參考。

關鍵字

資料包絡分析法 ； 高速鐵路 ； 績效評估

並列摘要

In recent years, many countries have invested building in high-speed railways. After the construction is completed, the high-speed railways companies will take over the follow-up operations. Therefore, how to make your own company being a well-efficiency benchmarking company is an importance issue for every manager of high-speed railways companies. For this purpose, we make the operating performance evaluation of high-speed railwayss in major countries worldwide by using data envelopment analysis method (DEA). In this article, we also use other analytical methods, such as cross-efficiency analysis, the window analysis to cross-period comparison, and the three-stage DEA analysis to exclude environmental factors interfere with in order to try to rank efficiency score of the decision making unit (DMU) in this study. As a result, the high-speed companies could take this conclusion as working reference to be benchmarking companies.
We could realize the outcomes through the empirical analysis that the efficiency score of Turkish high- speed railway is the lowest, regarding to any analytical methods we use. On the other hand, Netherlands, Japan and Taiwan high speed railway companies have outstanding performance within all tested countries. This study further explore the reasons why well-performance high-speed railways could operate better than other high-speed railways companies, and reasons for the high-speed railways companies to become poor-ranking. Finally, we expect that this study would provide management level of high-speed railways an objective reference for decision-making analysis.

並列關鍵字

DEA ； high-speed railways ； evaluation performance

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