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  • 學位論文

微縮創作應用於懷舊治療之設計與研究-以老年失智症為例

An application study of miniature design for the reminiscence therapy- Using Dementia as example

指導教授 : 鄧建國 許峻誠

摘要


懷舊治療是最廣為人知且廣泛被運用於失智症照護的社會心理療法,也是協助失智患者統整生命經驗與適應當前生活的重要方式。雖然先前有多篇研究指出懷舊治療能有效幫助患者減輕憂鬱情緒、緩解病情,但鮮少有研究從創新思維的角度出發,建立成功執行的案例。而微縮創作是一種從熟悉經驗,引發使用者產生感官「再認」,進而達到經驗對話的設計策略,其特質與懷舊治療之目的不謀而合。基此,本研究欲探討懷舊治療與微縮創作之關聯性,並嘗試藉由設計的力量,探討微縮創作應用於懷舊治療之可行性與適用性。 本研究執行概念分為四個階段,第一階段為「議題界定」階段,透過文獻回顧與現有案例分析,定義出「懷舊治療」及「微縮創作」各自具備的特質。第二階段為「探究定義」階段,延續文獻探討所定義的特質進行比對,提出初步的研究發現。第三階段為「設計執行」階段,首先透過訪談法,實際募集兩位高齡失智患者,由患者提供合適的生命故事作為創作依據,並透過參與式設計,進行懷舊治療刺激物的再製。第四階段為「成果評估」階段,運用設計原型規劃完整的懷舊治療活動進行測試,並透過量化與質化的方式評估執行成果。 本研究發現,懷舊治療產品具備「反映過去」、「喚醒記憶」、「促進交流」三項特質,微縮創作則具備「寄託情感」、「經驗承載」、「營造情境」、「引起共鳴」四項特質,經比對後發現兩者具有關聯性,且經本研究實證,微縮創作可以有效擔任懷舊治療活動中刺激物的角色,幫助失智患者重新體驗過去生活片段,促進患者組織記憶,進而分享經驗。最終,本研究以微縮創作為例,提出創新思維介入高齡失智症協助與治療之應用案例與模式,作為未來相關研究之參考依據。

並列摘要


Taiwan is facing an aging society, the physical and mental health care of the elderly has become an important issue that we must face. Among the issues of elderly, Dementia is a degenerative disease that cannot be ignored, the symptoms such us memory reducing, personality changing, and hallucinating, etc, are severe enough to affect ones interpersonal relationships and life skills. There is currently no treatment that can stop or reverse the course of dementia, only a few methods that may alleviate the symptoms. If we can recognize the importance of dementia earlier, which can help patients and their families prepare for the changes in life caused by dementia. Miniature creation, is a novel design method, which can create the "re recognized" emotions by mini scaling model, corresponds to our familiarity life experience. In this study, miniature is used as the design strategy, combined with reminiscence therapy to explore the feasibility of arousing patient’s interest and memories with mini pattern, and as an opportunity, keeping their brain working and imagine, making them share stories on their own wills. On the other hand, miniature also serves as a tool of memory carrier to improve patient’s communication ability and recording patient’s life stories, achievements, so as to help patients and their families collect memories. In doing so, the study first explored the definition of “Dementia”, “Reminiscence therapy” and “Miniature”, analysis the literature and existing cases, clarified the research purpose. Secondly, Memory mining. This study recruits 2 elderly dementia patients, using interview method to make them provide suitable life story as the basis for the miniature creation, then through the participatory design, carry on the process of miniature life story model prototype design, and planning new reminiscence therapy to test the suitability. Finally, through the quantification and qualitative assessment, this study found that miniature has the key factor of memory aroused, which can use as the design strategy for reminiscence therapy product design. The study findings and operating procedures may serve as a guide for further research on reminiscence therapy design and leadership of innovative mode in elderly issues.

參考文獻


英文文獻
1.Bloch, P. H. (1995). Seeking the ideal form: Product design and consumer response. Journal of Marketing, 59, 16-29.
2.Butler, R. N. (1963). The life review: An interpretation of reminiscence in the aged. Psychiatry, 26(1), 65-76.
3.Craik, F. I., & Byrd, M. (1982). Aging and cognitive deficits. In Aging and cognitive processes (pp. 191-211). Springer, Boston, MA.
4.Davis, F. (1979). Yearning for Yesterday: Sociology of Nostalgia. New York: Free Press.

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