- 期刊
“敘事神學”的堅持與悖謬
The Contributions and Absurdity of Narrative Theology
摘要
敘事神學(narrative theology)是在北美興起的一個十分重要，且極具影響力的神學運動。廿世紀七十年代，一群與美國耶魯大學神學院有關的神學家有感於《聖經》的權威、基督教信仰與價值觀面臨嚴重的挑戰，並在美國的社會中急遽地式微，在此同時，教會和神學對外無法提出有力的因應之道，對內亦缺乏有效的凝聚力與共識，因而提出敘事神學理論。敘事神學的主要特色在於它著眼於和基督教神學相關的文字記載，特別是《聖經》的故事。此一神學運動不但在理論的層面上促使研究者意識到系統神學和《聖經》神學急需整合，更在實質的層面上讓基督徒重獲身份的認同。 本文分為三大部分：首先追溯敘事神學的理論來源。其次，介紹兩位最具代表性的人物－漢斯•弗萊(Hans Frei)以及史坦利•侯活士(Stanley Hauerwas)－的敘事神學理論，以及他們對巴特神學－敘事神學最主要的神學依據―之解讀。最後，針對敘事神學的中心主張與訴求提出正反兩面的評價，以便提醒基督徒在肯定它對基督教信仰、教會的貢獻，並且欣賞它的優點之時，也能夠細心地洞悉其缺點，以避免落入隱藏在背後的信仰危機。
並列摘要
Narrative theology has become one of the most significant theological movements in North American since 1970s. The theological movement is launched by a group of theologians who are closely related to Yale Divinity School. Narrative theology was considered necessary insofar as in 1970s these Yale theologians were convinced that the authority of Holy Scripture and the Christian value in American society were rapidly receding into the background, at the same time the American Churches and theologians became hopeless in the face of challenges from without and quarrel from within. Theoretically, Narrative theology helps Christians to become aware of the destructive discrepancy between biblical theology and systematic theology and the urgency to resolve the problem. Materially, the theology assists Churches to strengthen their Christian identity in the multi-religious society. The essay is consists of three major sections: first, a brief retrospection of Narrative theology's theoretical sources; second, introduction to the thoughts of the two most celebrated narrative theologians-Hans Frei and Stanley Hauerwas-and their engagement with Karl Barth who has been considered as the pioneer; third, a critical evaluation to identify its weakness and crisis while appreciating its contributions.