遺尿的臨床、流行病學研究：（第一報）中國城市兒童達成排尿控制的年齡趨勢及其有關因素的探討

A Clinical-Epidemiological Study of Enuresis First Report: The Age Trend of and Factors Associated with Attaining Bladder Control among Urban Chinese Children

宋維村(Wei-Tsuen Soong)

《Acta Paediatrica Sinica》 18卷1期 (1977/03) Pp. 11-23

摘要

著者調查臺北市城中區2,148名6個月至11歲的兒童，研究其達成排尿控制的年齡趨勢及其相關因素。發現達成排尿控制的百分率，3歲時僅60%，5歲時爲84%；達成排尿控制的百分率，3歲以後女孩比男孩高；睡得深不易被叫醒者達成排尿控制的百分率較低；如厠訓練開始的時間、家庭主要職業、父母親的教育程度、同胞人數及排行，與達成排尿控制的先後無關。

並列摘要

A cross-sectional study on the age trend of attaining bladder control was conducted in December 1974. A total of 1, 400 children aged 6 months to 6 years of the Taipei Cheng-Chung District and 942 children from the Tung-Men Elementary School in the same district were randomly selected as the study subjects. An epidemiological attempt was also made to study the factors associated with the attainment of bladder control among the preschool infants and children. All informations were gathered by interviewing their parents according to the questionnaires designed for this study. A child was considered to have achieved bladder control if he had not wetted his bed or pants for a month tracing back from the day of home visit. Informations thus gathered from the 1,294 preschool and 854 school children were subjected to a statistical analysis, and the results yielded are as follows:
1. The percentage of children having attained bladder control for each age group from one through eleven years were 8%, 41%, 60%, 78%, 84%, 85%, 88%, 88%, 94%, 95% and 95% respectively. Very few children have established the bladder control before their second birthday. However, the rates increased steeply from 2 through 4 years of age and then slowly but steadily after 5 years of age.
2. After their third birthday, there was a tendency for more girls than boys to attain the bladder control.
3. The majority of children attained their bladder control for the daytime first and then for the night. As a rule, an intermittently dry stage was followed by a persistently dry stage.
4. The deep sleepers who were difficult to be awakened at night attained their bladder control later than the light sleepers.
5. Those children who got up to void at night by themselves and those who were not awakened by their parents at night were found to have attained their bladder control at earlier ages.
6. Factors, such as the age of starting toilet training, main occupation and educational background of the parents, family size, and birth order of the children bore no statistically significant relationship to the age at attainment of bladder control.

並列關鍵字

dttainment of bladder control ； enuresis