荔枝新品種台農1號（翠玉）之育成

A New Variety of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) 'Tainung No.1'

張哲瑋(Jer-Way Chang) ； 程永雄(Yung-Hsiung Cheng) ； 顏昌瑞(Chung-Rey Yen) ； 徐信次(Hsin-Tszu Hsu) ； 趙政男(Cheng-Nan Chao) ； 田永柔(Yung-Jou Tien) ； 何昭吉(Chao-Chi Ho) ； 林俊義(Chien-Yih Lin)

《台灣農業研究》 54卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 43-53

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2005.05401.05

摘要

荔枝優良品種「台農1號」(76-C-2)是農業試驗所嘉義分所以「黑葉」品種為母本，「玉荷包」品種為父本，於民國76年進行人工雜交授粉歷經實生苗選拔，品系比較試驗及區域試驗，前後共計17年，於民國93年6月8日經過農委會農糧署複審後命名，商品名「翠玉」。本品種果實品質優良，單果重在15.7公克至29.5公克之間，種子重在0.4公克至1.3公克之間，果肉率在80.5%至86.3%之間，焦核率在51.9%至100%之間，可溶性固形物含量在17.6度至20.2°Brix，果皮顏色綠色帶微紅，5年生植株單株產量在30公斤以上。

關鍵字

荔枝 ； 台農1號 ； 翠玉 ； 育種 ； 人工授粉

並列摘要

A new litchi variety 'Tainung No.1' was developed at the Chiayi Agriculture Experimental Station, ARI and passed the committee evaluation of the Agriculture and Food Agency Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, and released on June 8, 2004. The commercial name of this litchi variety was named as 'Tsuey yuh' litchi indicating the mature litchi fruit with green skin. The selection '76-C-2', the designated as Tainung No. 1, was selected from the offspring of 'Hak Yip' (Black leaf)♀ × 'Yu Her Bau' ♂ which was crossed at 1987. The selection was evaluated through a period of 17 years by comparing with the Taiwan important commercial varieties at Chaiyi Agriculture Experimental Station and at two advanced regional trials located at Dashu, Kaohsiung and Kukeng, Yunlin. 'Tainung No.1' has fruit weight with average ranging 15.7-27.7g; seed weight 0.4-1.3g; aril percent 80.5-86.3%; chicken tongue seed percent 51.9-100% and total soluble solids 17.6-20.2° Brix. The harvest period in southern and central Taiwan was from middle May to early June. It was 7-10 days earlier than that of 'Hak Yip' which was the major variety in Taiwan. The color of mature fruit skin is green with mild red. The average yield was nearly 12 tons/ha, assessed by 5 years old trees at a planting density of 400 plants/ha. The development of this variety was capable of providing a better choice for growers and consumers in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Litchi ； Tainung No.1 ； Tsuey Yuh ； Breeding ； Controlled pollination