微衛星DNA分子標誌應用於桃栽培種與雜交後代之遺傳相似性分析

Analysis of Genetic Similarity in Selected Peach Cultivars and Their Hybrids by Microsatellite DNA Markers

王昭月(Jau-Yeuh Wang) ； 宋家瑋(Chia-Wei Song) ； 劉明橞(Min-Huai Liou) ； 歐錫坤(Shyi-Kuan Ou)

《台灣農業研究》 56卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 107-120

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2007.05602.04

摘要

桃栽培種及雜交後代計34個，各具有不同果實性狀，其中涵蓋有溶質、非溶質、硬質果肉；酸味、苦味；甜味、高甜味；果皮有毛、無毛等，應用微衛星DNA分子標誌SSR(simple sequence repeat)；以及ISSR(inter simple sequence repeat)進行其遺傳相似性分析與品種鑑定。試驗結果自17個SSR引子組內，篩選得到12個具多型性之SSR引子組，分別可產生3~9個對偶基因，其中UPD96-005引子組可將本地種‘鶯歌桃’及‘八月桃’予以鑑別。進一步合併12個具多型性之SSR引子之產物計87個標誌片段，進行UPGMA分析結果可區分為兩大群集：第一群主要為‘鶯歌桃’與'Premier'為親本之雜交後代；第二群則以'Premier'與油桃5-40N為親本之雜交後代為主。UPGMA群集樹狀圖分析結果顯示，桃雜交後代明顯與其母本連鎖於同一集群；另依果實糖、酸高低表現相近者，亦可聚於同一群集。綜合試驗結果顯示，微衛星DNA分子標誌可有效應用於桃之品種鑑定，並可輔助具有優良果實特性的雜交後代之早期選拔。

關鍵字

桃 ； 微衛星DNA ； 遺傳相似性 ； 果實特性

並列摘要

The typical fruit characteristics of 34 selected peach cultivars and the hybrid seedlings were selected for genetic similarity analysis and identification by microsatellite DNA markers (including SSR: simple sequence repeat; and ISSR: inter simple sequence repeat). The selected typical fruit characteristics included melting, non-melting and stony hard types, sour versus bitter, sweet versus very sweet and with versus without pubescence. Amplification of SSR locus was screened from 17 primer pairs and 12 polymorphic SSR markers had been selected which had 3 to 9 alleles each. One of the SSR markers UPD-96-005 could be used to distinguish the domestic cultivar of 'Ying Ge Tao' and 'Ba Yue Tao'. Furthermore, combining all of the 87 SSR markers and assessing the genetic similarity by cluster analysis of UPGMA (un-weighted pair-group mean arithmetic). It revealed that 34 genotypes could be divided into two main groups: the first group contained 16 genotypes including 'Ying Ge Tao' and its hybrid progenies; the second group was composed by 18 genotypes including 'Premier' and its hybrid progenies. From the dendrogram of UPGMA analysis showed the progenies would be grouping with parent and accompanied with the level of TTS (total soluble solid) and acidity separately. The results reveal that microsatellite DNA markers are useful in cultivars identification of peach and allow to early selection of the progenies with superior fruit characteristics.

並列關鍵字

Peach ； Microsatellite DNA ； Genetic similarity ； Fruit characteristics