阿里山山櫻遺傳多樣性之研究

Study on the Genetic Diversity of Prunus transarisanensis Hayata

溫英杰(Ien-Chie Wen) ； 張靜誼(Ching-Yi Chang) ； 高建元(Chien-Yuan Kao)

《台灣農業研究》 57卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 233-242

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2008.05704.01

摘要

阿里山山櫻(Prunus transarisanesis Hayata)是台灣特有種櫻花，分布於本省高海拔地區，依據台灣植物誌的描述其花朵中大、粉白色、2-3朵叢生。種原採集調查發現，阿里山山櫻的花色有白色、粉白及粉紅的變化，新葉的顏色及葉形也有不同，顯示阿里山山櫻種內的遺傳多樣性甚爲豐富。利用RAPD技術對1個霧社櫻及14個阿里山山櫻品系進行遺傳相似度分析，由300條隨機引子中篩選出13條引子共擴增121條條帶，其中多態性條帶89條占73.6%。群集分析結果，15個試驗品種共分爲七群，遺傳相似度係數介於0.39-0.88之間，武陵2和3號遺傳相似度係數爲0.88，親緣關係最近。霧社櫻與其他阿里山山櫻品系的遺傳相似度係數爲0.39，親緣關係最遠。

關鍵字

阿里山山櫻 ； 遺傳多樣性 ； 逢機增殖多型性DNA

並列摘要

Alishan flowering cherry (Prunus transarisanensis Hayata) is an endemic flowering cherry species of Taiwan. In Flora of Taiwan, Alishan flowering cherry only the whitish or light pink flowers had been recorded. In this study, we collected Alishan flowering cherry with white, whitish pink, and pink flowers. The color of new leaf and leaf shape also showed difference. It demonstrated that Alishan flowering cherry had broadly genetic diversity. The genetic relationships of 15 flowering cherry cultivars were analyzed by using RAPD markers. A total of 300 primers were screened for their ability to produce strongly amplified products. Out of 13 primers amplified 121 DNA bands, 89 of which were polymorphic (73.6%). A dendrogram based on the UPGMA cluster analysis was constructed. All tested flowering cherry cultivars were divided into seven groups, including 3 groups of Alishan flowering cherry cultivars and 4 individual cultivars. Wu-ling No.2 and Wu-ling No.3 had 88% similarity indexes, indicating the closest genetic relationship. Nevertheless, Wu-sheh Ying (Prunus taiwaniana Hayata) having 39% similarity indexes showed the farest genetic relationship with other tested Alishan flowering cherry cultivars.

並列關鍵字

Prunus transarisanensis ； Genetic diversity ； RAPD