台灣原生枇杷之遺傳親緣關係及分類研究

台灣原生枇杷屬（Eriobotrya）植物是枇杷作物的野生近緣種，廣泛分布於整個台灣。過去有被歸類為2個不同種、或3個不同變種、或3個不同型或被建議歸類為2個變種1個型。本研究利用核醣體DNA內轉錄區（internal transcribed spacers, ITS）序列、葉綠體內matK基因部分序列及葉部、花序與花粉粒等形態性狀探討台灣原生枇杷屬之分類地位。結果顯示，14份台灣原生枇杷屬植物均可獲得593個鹼基對（base pair）的ITS序列，僅有7個變異位點（variation sites），而matK基因部分序列658個鹼基對中並無任何的差異位點；以鄰接法所建構的親緣關係樹（phylogenetictree）指出台灣原生枇杷屬植物為單源群（monophyletic group），然卻無法有效區分台灣枇杷、武威山枇杷及恆春山枇杷等種下分類群。綜合前述資料表明台灣原生枇杷為同一個種，至於種下的分類群則有待其他分子層次的資料來釐清。

關鍵字

台灣枇杷；薔薇科； ITS序列； matK序列；親緣關係

並列摘要

The native Eriobotrya plants in Taiwan are the wild relative of loquat crop, and they distribute across the entire island of Taiwan. The taxon of native Eriobotrya in Taiwan was treated inconsistently in past decades, either as species, variety, or forma. This study was conducted to reassess the systematic status of native Eriobotrya plants in Taiwan by investigations of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), partly matK gene sequences of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), and morphological features of leaves, inflorescences, and pollens. Results of ITS sequences analysis showed that only 7 variation sites were detected in 593 base pairs (bp) of ITS sequences obtained from the 14 samples of Eriobotrya plants collected in Taiwan. In addition, no variation sites were detected in 658 bp of partial matK gene sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the native Eriobotrya in Taiwan belonged to one monophyletic group which was well separated from other referenced taxa from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However, the distinction among three taxa of the native Eriobotrya in Taiwan was still unclear. If affirmed by more other nucleotide sequences would support to clarify the taxon under Eriobotrya deflexa.

並列關鍵字

Eriobotrya deflexa ； Rosaceae ； ITS sequences ； matK sequences ； Phylogeny

國際替代計量

台灣原生枇杷之遺傳親緣關係及分類研究

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