台灣枇杷產業現況與未來發展方向

The Present and Future Development of Taiwan Loquat Industry

張致盛(Chin-Sheng Chang) ； 陳吉雄(Jyi-Shyong Chen) ； 呂德仁(Der-Sen Lu)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 34號 (1994/06) Pp. 7-15

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.199406.0001

摘要

台灣枇杷栽培面積有1359公頃，分佈於中部地區台中縣、南投縣、苗栗縣及東部台東縣等地區，主要摘培品種為“茂木”佔90%、“田中”佔10%，係由日本引進。目前栽培枇杷所面臨問題為栽培品種少、產期過於集中，未建立適合本省之標準化樹型及管理基準，果園土壤理化性劣化，生產成本提高，缺乏田間管理作業勞力，採後處理包裝運銷過程未盡理想等問題。今後台灣枇杷產業輔導方向發展重點為改善果園生產環境，建立適當之栽培管理模式，降低生產成本，加強產期調節以分散產期，選育適應本省環境新品種，改進採後處理及分級包裝等工作。

並列摘要

The total acreage of loquat cultivation reached 1359 ha in Taiwan. The main production areas are located at Taichung, Nantou, Miaoli and Taitung counties. The major commercial cultivar is ”Mogi”, which is comprised of 90% of the total acreage, while ”Tanaka” occupied the rest of 10%. Both of the cultivars were introduced from Japan. The major problems of loquat industry in Taiwan could be summarized as follows: (1)Limited by the few choice of cultivars and the concentration of harvest season. (2)The cultural practices system and standard tree form are not yet completely established. (3)The high production cost and shortage of labors. (4)Improper usage of fertilizers and nutrients results in spoiling the chemical and physical properties of orchard soil. (5)There are no suitable system for post-harvesting processing, handling, packing, transportation and marketing. In order to enhance the loquat industry in Taiwan, few efforts could be implemented as follow: (1)The improvement of production environment of loquat orchard. (2)Establish proper cultivation technology and cultural practices. (3)Reduction of production cost. (4)The studies of off-season production. (5)Through the selection and breeding to improve the loquat variety. (6)Improve the post-harvesting management, handling and packing operation.